Assessment of Water Quality Index and Correlation for the Study of Water Quality Deterioration of Pravara River

Ashali Kharake^1, and Vaishali S. Raut²

¹Department of Geography, K.V.N. Naik College, Nashik, Maharashtra, India

²Department of Chemistry, K.V.N. Naik College, Nashik, Maharashtra, India

Cite this paper:
Ashali Kharake and Vaishali S. Raut. Assessment of Water Quality Index and Correlation for the Study of Water Quality Deterioration of Pravara River. Applied Ecology and Environmental Sciences. 2020; 8(6):465-471. doi: 10.12691/aees-8-6-19

Abstract

An attempt has been carried out to assess the seasonal water quality index (WQI) using four water quality parameters pH, BOD, DO, FC. For which 10 different stations along Pravara River have been selected which covers two seasons pre-monsoon and post-monsoon. Physico-chemical parameters have been analyzed by standard method. The Karl Pearson correlation matrix has been established to examine relationship between the water quality parameters. The study is conducted to analyze the water quality status of Pravara River in terms of water quality Index (WQI). The computed WQI values are found between 37.5 to 78.9. The WQI values shows non-polluted water at upper stream in the study area, but as it enters in city considerable changes in WQI were observed and water become polluted (S₆ & S₁₀) to heavily polluted (S₅ & S₇). These Field observations reveal that water quality is declined due to many human activities mainly industrial, domestic and religious. To analyze that Physio-chemical characteristics of water and WQI is the main aim of the research with remedial measures to mitigate the deterioration and related consequences in future.

Keywords:
water quality water quality index Pravara River Physico-chemical analysis The Karl Pearson correlation matrix

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

References:

[1]	Bora, Minakshi, and Dulal C. Goswami, Water quality assessment in terms of water quality index (WQI): case study of the Kolong River, Assam, India, Applied Water Science 7, no. 6 (2017) Pp. 3125-3135.
[2]	Nadikatla, Santhosh Kumar, Venkata SubbaRao Mushini, and Phani Surya Murali Krishna Mudumba, Water quality index method in assessing groundwater quality of Palakonda mandal in Srikakulam district, Andhra Pradesh, India. Applied Water Science 10, no. 1 (2020) Pp.30.
[3]	Akumtoshi, M. R. Singh, and Neizo Puro, Assessment of water quality status of Doyang River, Nagaland, India, using Water Quality Index, Applied Water Science 10, no. 1 (2020) Pp. 1-13.
[4]	Bawa, Kalpana V., and V. B. Gaikawad, Water Quality Assessment of Godavari River at Nashik, India: Impact of Sewage and Industrial Wastewater, Universal Journal of Environmental Research & Technology 3, no. 4 (2013).
[5]	Kharake Ashali and Raut Vaishali, Physico-Chemical Analysis Of Godavari River Water At Nashik City: An Impact Of Urban Waste, Global Journal of Engineering, Science & Social Science Studies. Vol-05, Issue 06, ISSN- 2394-3084. (2019) Pp.108-112.
[6]	Rashid, Hassan, Malik Maliha Manzoor, and Sana Mukhtar, Urbanization and its effects on water resources: An exploratory analysis, Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution 15, no. 1 (2018) Pp.67-74.
[7]	Şener, Şehnaz, Erhan Şener, and Ayşen Davraz, Evaluation of water quality using water quality index (WQI) method and GIS in Aksu River (SW-Turkey),Science of the Total Environment 584 (2017) Pp.131-144.
[8]	MSME, Brief Industrial Profile of Ahmednagar District. (2012).
[9]	Das Dhwajendra, The impact of industrial and urban activities on the water quality of tunia river Assam. (2013).
[10]	Shuklaa, Satyavati, Mohan V. Khirea, and Shirishkumar S. Gedama, Effects of Increasing Urbanization on River Basins-State of Art.
[11]	Horton RK., An index-number system for rating water quality. Journal - Water Pollution Control Federation (1965) vol. 37, no. 3, Pp.300-306.
[12]	Brown R.M.., Mcclelland, N.I., Deininger, R.A. and Tozer R.G., A water quality index: do we dare? Water & Sewage Works. (1970). vol.117, Pp. 339-343.
[13]	Kumar, Dinesh, and Babu J. Alappat, NSF-water quality index: does it represent the experts Practice, Periodical of Hazardous, toxic, and radioactive waste Management 13, no. 1 (2009) Pp.75-79.
[14]	Ichwana, Ichwana, Syahrul Syahrul, and Wirda Nelly, Water quality index by using national sanitation foundation-Water quality index (NSF-WQI) method at krueng tamiang aceh, In International Conference on Technology, Innovation, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia. 2016.
[15]	Shah, Kosha A., and Geeta S. Joshi, Evaluation of water quality index for River Sabarmati, Gujarat, India, Applied Water Science 7, no. 3 (2017) Pp.1349-1358.
[16]	Verma, Ravindra Kumar, Shankar Murthy, Rajani Kant Tiwary, and Sangeeta Verma, Development of simplified WQIs for assessment of spatial and temporal variations of surface water quality in upper Damodar river basin, eastern India, Applied Water Science 9, no. 1 (2019) Pp21.
[17]	WQSM, Water Quality Status of Maharashtra, Compilation of Water Quality Data Recorded by MPCB, (2015) Pp.35-38
[18]	BIS, Standard prescribed required desirable limits for drinking water, Bureau of Indian Standard. (2012).
[19]	Yogendra, K., and E. T. Puttaiah, Determination of water quality index and suitability of an urban waterbody in Shimoga Town, Karnataka, In Proceedings of Taal, The 12th world lake conference, vol. 342,( 2008) Pp. 346.
[20]	Bhalla, Resham, B. B. Waykar, and Balwinder Sekhon, Water quality assessment of Godavari River water at Nashik, Environment Conservation Journal 13, no. 3 (2012) Pp. 43-48.
[21]	Chavan, Ajay D., M. P. Sharma, and Renu Bhargava, Water quality assessment of the Godavari River, Hydro Nepal, Journal of Water, Energy and Environment 5 (2009) Pp.31-34.
[22]	Jadhavar, V. R., I. B. Ghorade, R. G. Machale, and S. S. Patil, Physioco-chemical status of Kundalika River at Roha taluka dist. Raigad, Maharashtra, Int. J. Sci. Res. 2 (2013).
[23]	Khound, Nayan J., and Krishna G. Bhattacharyya, Assessment of water quality in and around Jia-Bharali river basin, North Brahmaputra Plain, India, using multivariate statistical technique, Applied Water Science
[24]	KumarAshwani, and Anish Dua, Water quality index for assessment of water quality of river Ravi at Madhopur (India), Global journal of environmental sciences 8, no. 1 (2009). Science 8, no. 8 (2018) Pp. 221.
[25]	Marle, Sanjay Mohan, Assessment of pilgrimage impact on river water quality and health along river indrayani district Pune India. (2011).
[26]	Nag, S. K., and Anindita Kundu, Application of remote sensing, GIS and MCA techniques for delineating groundwater prospect zones in Kashipur block, Purulia district, West Bengal. Applied water science 8, no. 1 (2018) Pp.38.
[27]	Obiora, Daniel N., and Johnson C. Ibuot, Geophysical assessment of aquifer vulnerability and management: a case study of University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State. Applied Water Science 10, no. 1 (2020) Pp.29.
[28]	Phadatare, S. S., and S. Gawande, Review paper on development of water quality index, International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT) 5, no. 5 (2016) Pp.765-767.
[29]	Popovic, Natasa Z., Jelena A. Duknic, J. Z. Atlagic, Maja J. Rakovic, Nikola S. Marinkovic, Bojana P. Tubic, and Momir M. Paunovic, Application of the water pollution index in the assessment of the ecological status of rivers: a case study of the Sava River, Serbia, Acta Zoologica Bulgarica 68, no. 1 (2016) Pp.97-102.
[30]	Rahman, Md Aminur, Sazal Kumar, Anika Amir Mohana, Rafiquel Islam, Md Abul Hashem, and Luo Chuanxiu, Coliform Bacteria and trace metals in drinking water, southwest Bangladesh: Multivariate and human health risk assessment, International Journal of Environmental Research 13, no. 2 (2019) Pp.395-408.
[31]	Santos, Mayra S., Maria CRM Metzker, Guilherme L. Rodrigues, Luis RS Corrêa, Mayne LV Silva, Ana LG Barbosa, Márcia CS Faria, and Jairo L. Rodrigues, Risk assessment of the drinking water samples in the rural area from MG, Brazil, International Journal of Environmental Research 12,No.6(2018)Pp965-971.
[32]	Wu, Zhaoshi, Dawen Zhang, Yongjiu Cai, Xiaolong Wang, Lu Zhang, and Yuwei Chen, Water quality assessment based on the water quality index method in Lake Poyang: The largest freshwater lake in China, Scientific reports 7, no. 1 (2017) Pp 1-10.