Ground Water Quality Assessment of Bihdia Jajikona Block of Kamrup, Assam, India

Gitika Devi^1, and Hari Prasad Sarma¹

¹Department of Environmental Science, Gauhati University, Guwahati, India

Cite this paper:
Gitika Devi and Hari Prasad Sarma. Ground Water Quality Assessment of Bihdia Jajikona Block of Kamrup, Assam, India. Applied Ecology and Environmental Sciences. 2020; 8(6):355-366. doi: 10.12691/aees-8-6-5

Abstract

To study the appositeness of ground water for drinking and agricultural purpose, an investigation on chemical data of dissolved major and minor constituents in ground water of Bihdia jajikona block of Kamrup district was performed. Another aspect of the study was to study the seasonal variability of ground water quality. Twelve ground water samples were collected for three different seasons from common ground water sources i.e. tube well. The samples were analyzed using standard methods. The results of analysis carried out showed that high fluoride and iron concentration in ground water was the main concern for the appropriateness of groundwater for drinking reason. Significant seasonal variation was observed in case of fluoride concentration. The absolute ionic strength (meq/L) design follow by the request HCO₃^- > Na⁺ >Ca²⁺ > SO₄^2ˉ > Clˉ > Mg²⁺ >Fˉ >K⁺ in pre-monsoon season HCO₃^- > Na⁺ >Ca²⁺ >Clˉ > SO₄^2- > Mg²⁺ > K⁺ > Fˉ in monsoon season and HCO₃^- > Na⁺ >Ca²⁺ >Clˉ > SO₄^2- > Mg²⁺ > Fˉ > K⁺ in post monsoon season. From the piper diagram it was found that maximum samples belong to the Na⁺ -K⁺ -HCO₃^- followed by the Ca²⁺ -Mg²⁺ -HCO₃^- hydrochemical facies. As per the arrangement dependent on SAR values, all the samples were belonging to the class ‘excellent’. Fluoride and iron distribution map was prepared to identify the fluoride and iron endemic zone of the block using Geographic Information System (GIS). WQI values of the three seasons were found poor in 58.33% sample good in 33.33% sample and excellent in 8.33% sample.

Keywords:
groundwater drinking irrigation seasonal

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