In 2021, the EU proposed the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) to handle CO₂ emissions in international commerce and mitigate climate change’s effects on the global economy. The CBAM modifies tariffs on imported commodities to prevent low-carbon nations from profiting from the efforts of other countries to reduce emissions, thereby leveling the playing field between nations with and without carbon pricing. This study investigates the effects of the CBAM on the global economy and export capacity. Data from the World Trade Organization, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Taiwan Economic Journal, and the World Bank from 1990 to 2021 were analyzed using artificial intelligence techniques to identify factors related to society, the environment, infrastructure, government efficiency, macroeconomics, trade finance, and innovation technology that significantly affect CO₂ emissions per capita. A positive correlation was observed between CO₂ emissions and gross domestic product; economic development tends to increase CO₂ emissions. The prevalence of diabetes is identified as a significant factor in the European Union and elsewhere. In addition, high CO₂ emissions, exacerbating climate change, can affect the production and availability of food as well as indirectly cause health concerns such as diabetes. However, sustainable development can cause CO₂ emissions to stabilize or decrease in certain cases. In addition, the analysis revealed that Japan, the United States, and Australia have screened CO₂ emission factors and pay attention to the environment and energy-saving technology. Agricultural land is also a key target for reducing emissions, and carbon tariffs can be used to incentivize the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in the agricultural sector. The results of this study have practical value and can guide decision-makers, including governments, businesses, scholars, and stakeholders, in balancing functional and performance indicators during decision-making.

Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism, CO₂ emissions, Ccorporate Social Responsibility, Diabetes prevalence