Qi Feng¹, Yun Li^1,, Tong Li¹, Haoran Fan¹, Haiyan Sun¹, Wenwen Qiao¹, Meixing Ding¹

Objective: To explore the current status and influencing factors of cognitive impairment in patients with heart failure. Methods: A total of 119 patients with heart failure admitted to the cardiology department from October 2023 to October 2025 were selected through convenience sampling. They were investigated using general information questionnaires, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale, the Activities of Daily Living Scale, and the 8-item Social Frailty Scale. Patients were divided into the cognitive impairment group (n=57) and the non-cognitive impairment group (n=62) based on the scores of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale for univariate comparison. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the independent risk factors for cognitive impairment in patients with heart failure. Results: Among the 119 patients with heart failure, 57 had cognitive impairment, with an incidence rate of 48%. In the univariate analysis, there were statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of age, marital status, educational level, smoking status, Barthel Index, history of coronary heart disease, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), NYHA classification, left ventricular ejection fraction, and degree of social frailty (P<0.05). In the multivariate Logistic regression analysis, educational level, smoking status, and left ventricular ejection fraction were independent risk factors for cognitive impairment in patients with heart failure (P<0.05). Conclusion: Low educational level, smoking, and low left ventricular ejection fraction are risk factors for cognitive impairment in patients with heart failure. In addition to standardized drug treatment and improvement of cardiac function, interventions should be made in terms of lifestyle, cognitive training, and psychological support to reduce the incidence of cognitive impairment in patients with heart failure.

Heart failure, Cognitive impairment, Current situation, Influencing factors