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Lv G, Zhang Z, Pan H, Fan L. Effect of physical modification of mushroom (A. chaxingu) powders on their physical and chemical properties. Food Sci Technol Res. 2014; 20: 731-738.

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Article

Possible Anticancer Effect of Bioactive Extract Isolated from Agrocybe Chaxingu on Human Bladder Cancer Cells

1Department of Urology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA


Journal of Cancer Research and Treatment. 2023, Vol. 11 No. 1, 1-5
DOI: 10.12691/jcrt-11-1-1
Copyright © 2023 Science and Education Publishing

Cite this paper:
Jonathan Rockoff, Akhil Saji, Jonathan Kroop, Muhammad Choudhury, Sensuke Konno. Possible Anticancer Effect of Bioactive Extract Isolated from Agrocybe Chaxingu on Human Bladder Cancer Cells. Journal of Cancer Research and Treatment. 2023; 11(1):1-5. doi: 10.12691/jcrt-11-1-1.

Correspondence to: Sensuke  Konno, Department of Urology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA. Email: sensuke_konno@nymc.edu

Abstract

To seek for a more effective way to treat bladder cancer with the poor outcomes, we have been working on natural products with anticancer activity for a decade. Recently, we came across the bioactive extract of Agrocybe chaxingu mushroom, CHX, which had been shown to have anticancer activity with few side/adverse effects. Accordingly, we then investigated if CHX might have anticancer effect on the relatively less aggressive human bladder cancer 5637 cells (grade 2) in vitro. Cells were treated with varying concentrations of CHX (0-500 μg/ml) for 72 h, and cell viability was determined by MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide) assay to assess anticancer effect. To explore the anticancer mechanism of CHX, we also examined induction of oxidative stress (OXS), cell cycle, and apoptosis. We first found a significant (~50%) cell viability reduction in 5637 cells with 350 μg/ml of CHX, indicating its anticancer effect. Lipid peroxidation (LPO) assay revealed the significantly (~2.2-fold) increased oxidative stress (OXS) level as well. CHX also led to a G1 cell cycle arrest with a ~37% increase in G1-phase cell number and a ~44% decrease in S-phase cell number, compared to those in controls. This was further confirmed by the up-regulation of two G1-specific cell cycle regulators, p21WAF1 and p27Kip1, with CHX treatment. Consequently, 5637 cells were found to undergo apoptosis, indicated by the down-regulation of anti-apoptotic bcl-2 concomitant with the up-regulation of pro-apoptotic Bax with CHX. In conclusion, CHX has anticancer effect on human bladder cancer 5637 cells, significantly reducing their cell viability. This is presumably attributed to elevated OXS, a G1 cell cycle arrest, and ultimate apoptosis. Therefore, it is plausible that CHX may offer an alternative therapeutic option for low-grade bladder cancer cases.

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