eng Science and Education Publishing World Journal of Nutrition and Health 2379-7827 2023 Revised April 04, 2023 Published May 05, 2023--1-15 11 1 1 10 10.12691/jnh-11-1-1 JNH20231111 article Eddie Janvier Bouhika eddie.bouhika@umng.cg 1 2 3 Paul Roger Mabounda Kounga 3 4 Florent Nsompi 4 5 Simplice Innocent Moussouami 5 5 Alain Marc Boussana 5 5 Jean Martin Moussoki 5 6 Denis Mba?na?ssem 6 Michel Elenga 6 Vital Mananga 6 Yvon Simplice Itoua Okouango 6 Etienne Nguimbi 6 Fran?ois Mbemba 6 6 Nutrition, Health and Human Motricity Research Unit, Higher Institute of Physical Education and Sports, Marien NGOUABI University, Brazzaville, BP: 69, Republic of Congo Context: The monitoring of eating habits through the biological data of athletes contributes to the preservation of the athlete's health. The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional state, the hematological profile and the pathological state of 64 Congolese endurance athletes (32 athletes or experimental group and 32 walkers or control group) respectively aged 26.16 ± 2.79 years and 27.44 ± 3.44 years. Data were compared using chi2 and student¡¯s ¡°t¡± test for independent-samples. Method: the body mass index and the hematological examination made it possible to evaluate the nutritional state, the blood parameters and the pathological state of the respondents. Results: the respondents were of normal weight, but cases of light and moderate thinness were observed in the athletes (18.75% and 6.25%). Hematological examination of the subjects showed that levels of leukocytes (4.64±0.93x103/mm3 vs 7.12±3.07 x103/mm3), hemoglobin (12.42±1.80g/dl vs 11.29±1.96 g/dl) and thrombocytes (202.25 ±51.89 x 103/mm3 vs 307.47±28.64 x 103/mm3) was normal in both groups but a little high in walkers. The pathologies found in the two groups were anemia (46.88% vs 71.88%), leucopenia (12.5% vs 0%) and bicytopenia (9.38% vs 9.37%). However, anemia was more marked in walkers. Leukopenia was observed only in athletes, and bicytopenia was observed in both groups. Conclusion: the nutritional data were mostly normal but the hematological data were abnormal with the presence of pathologies which are often associated with poor performance and which deserve to be corrected by a balanced and controlled diet. http://pubs.sciepub.com/jnh/11/1/1/jnh-11-1-1.pdf eating habits nutritional status Hematological examination nutritional pathologies endurance athletes competition