eng Science and Education Publishing American Journal of Environmental Protection 2328-7233 2013-03-01 1 1 10 13 10.12691/env-1-1-2 ENV2013112 article Ghulam Shabir 1 Muhammad Afzal manibge@yahoo.com 1 Razia Tahseen 1 Samina Iqbal, Qaiser M. Khan, Zafar M. Khalid 1 Soil & Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Pakistan The current study evaluates the performance of a pilot scale fed batch reactor (FBR), followed by coagulation and sand filtration, for the treatment of an oil refinery wastewater. The total reductions in COD, BOD, oil contents and phenol were 95.11%, 94.30%, 99.47% and 100%, respectively, with FBR followed by coagulation and sand filtration. This FBR-coagulation-sand filtration treatment system also removed the toxicity from the oil refinery wastewater. Treated wastewater by this approach meets National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) of Pakistan, and can be safely released into the environment. http://pubs.sciepub.com/env/1/1/2/env-1-1-2.pdf oil refinery wastewater biological treatment fed batch reactor toxicity coagulation sand filtration