Science and Education Publishing American Journal of Educational Research 2327-6150 5 3 2017 3 6 Effect of Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) Approach and Initial Ability of Students to the Problem Solving Ability of Class 4th Student 246 250 EN Fahrudin University of Nahdlatul Ulama, Lampung, Indonesia EDUCATION2017532 10.12691/education-5-3-2 2016 10 28 2017 2 4 2017 3 4 This study aims to determine the effect of the approach and Conventional approach and initial ability of students to the problem solving ability of students of Elementary School. This research was conducted in the fourth grade Elementary School 07 Metro City. The study is designed using analysis of variance 2 lanes. The results of this study were (1) the difference in mathematical problem solving abilities of elementary school students who learn to use the Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) approach among students who studied using conventional approach. (2) The interaction between the learning approach and students' initial ability to problem-solving ability Mathematics of Elementary School Students. (3) Ability to problem solving Mathematics Elementary School students between students learning by using the Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) approach which have high initial capability is higher than the students who learn using conventional approach that have high initial ability. (4) The ability of Mathematics problem solving of elementary school students between the students learn to use the Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) approach which has a lower initial ability is lower than the students who learn using conventional approaches that have lower initial ability.