Science and Education Publishing American Journal of Sports Science and Medicine 2333-4606 2 5A 2014 09 15 Impact of Pubertal Growth on Physical Fitness 34 39 EN Basuli Goswami Anindita Singha Roy Rishna Dalui Amit Bandyopadhyay Sports and Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, W.B., India AJSSM201425A8 10.12691/ajssm-2-5A-8 2014 08 21 2014 08 29 2014 09 15 Puberty is a combination of physical, physiological and psychological changes with detectable alterations in physical growth, which is a determining factor for assessment of physical fitness. Several studies have documented the functionality of physical activity for pubertal growth. But the present review has aimed to investigate whether normal pubertal growth, along with its endocrinological variations affect the level of physical fitness and what are the major fitness variables mostly regulated by the hormonal changes during puberty. Different sex hormones in boys and girls have been found to play the key role for regulation of various fitness determinants like body composition, muscle strength, bone development, erythropoiesis, cardiac function, substrate utilization etc. The major fitness components- strength, aerobic and anaerobic fitness, all have been found to be largely associated and influenced by the growth related endocrinological alterations during puberty.