@article{ajmr20241243,
author={{Mengo, Fabrice Ezo¡¯o and Assam, Jean Paul Assam and Kamdem, Sylvain Leroy Sado and Ngang, Jean Justin Essia},
title={Involvement of Certain Genes in the Mechanism of Acquisition of Antibiotic Resistance in <i>Salmonella</i> Typhi After Exposure to Medicinal Plant Extracts},
journal={American Journal of Microbiological Research},
volume={12},
number={4},
pages={92--97},
year={2024},
url={https://pubs.sciepub.com/ajmr/12/4/3},
issn={2328-4137},
abstract={<b>Introduction:</b> In Cameroon, many medicinal plants are used to treat typhoid fever. However, studies have shown that some of these plants can induce resistance to antibiotics used against <i>Salmonella</i><i> </i>Typhi (<i>S.</i> Typhi). The mechanisms by which this resistance is acquired are not clear. This article aims to determine the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance acquisition in <i>S.</i> Typhi strains exposed to medicinal plant extracts. <b>Methods:</b><b> </b>Two plant extracts, <i>Enantia</i><i> </i><i>chlorantha</i> and <i>Irvingia</i><i> </i><i>gabonensis</i>, were used to induce antibiotic resistance in <i>S.</i> Typhi. The antibiotics tested were: Ciprofloxacin, Amoxicillin, Chloramphenicol, Gentamicin, and Cotrimoxazole. Five genes were searched for by PCR in the genome of <i>S.</i> Typhi samples obtained after exposure to plant extracts. These were: <i>bla</i>TEM and <i>bla</i>SHV, coding for resistance to ¦Â-lactam antibiotics; <i>sul</i>1, coding for resistance to sulfonamides; <i>flo</i>R, coding for resistance to phenicols; and <i>int</i>1, coding for resistance to multiple antibiotics. <b>Results:</b> The results demonstrated that, <i>S.</i> Typhi exposed to the plant extracts <i>Enantia</i><i> </i><i>chlorantha</i> and <i>Irvingia</i><i> </i><i>gabonensis</i> exhibited the presence of genes <i>sul</i>1, <i>flo</i>R, and <i>int</i>1. However, the absence of these genes in the unexposed control strain indicated that plant extracts are able to induce antibiotic resistance through genetic mutation. The <i>bla</i>SHV gene was not detected in any of the <i>S.</i> Typhi samples, in contrast to the <i>bla</i>TEM gene, which was present in all samples, including the control. <b>Conclusion:</b> Mechanisms other than genetic mutations need to be assessed to better understand how medicinal plants induce antibiotic resistance.},
doi={10.12691/ajmr-12-4-3}
publisher={Science and Education Publishing}
}