<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<records>
<record>
<language>eng</language>
<publisher>Science and Education Publishing</publisher>
<journalTitle>American Journal of Mechanical Engineering</journalTitle>
<eissn>2328-4110</eissn>
<publicationDate>2026-03-09</publicationDate>
<volume>14</volume>
<issue>1</issue>
<startPage>14</startPage>
<endPage>22</endPage>
<doi>10.12691/ajme-14-1-3</doi>
<publisherRecordId>AJME20261413</publisherRecordId>
<documentType>article</documentType>
<title language="eng">Visualization of Permanent Magnet Motor Hydrodynamics</title>
<authors>
<author>
<name>Peizheng Ma</name>
<email>peizheng.ma@stonybrook.edu</email>
<affiliationId>1</affiliationId>
</author>
<author>
<name>Benjamin Ma</name>
<affiliationId>2</affiliationId>
</author>
<author>
<name>Nianhua Guo</name>
<affiliationId>3</affiliationId>
</author>

</authors>
<affiliationsList>
<affiliationName affiliationId="1">Department of Computer Science, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, USA</affiliationName>
<affiliationName affiliationId="2">Ward Melville High School, East Setauket, USA</affiliationName>
<affiliationName affiliationId="3">LISVH, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, USA</affiliationName>
</affiliationsList>
<abstract language="eng">This paper presents a real-time interactive system for simulating and visualizing motor-driven fluid hydrodynamics. The framework integrates a torque-based motor model with Heightfield and Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) fluid simulations. Utilizing modern OpenGL and an ImGui-based control interface, the system achieves consistent real-time performance on a CPU-based laptop and effectively illustrates the differences between surface-only and volumetric fluid models. Quantitative evaluation on a consumer-grade laptop demonstrates real-time performance near 60 FPS for SPH simulations up to approximately 2,000 particles, and interactive rates (15¨C30 FPS) up to about 5,000 particles. These results validate the system¡¯s suitability for interactive visualization, education, and exploratory research under modest hardware constraints, while acknowledging limitations due to weakly compressible SPH, simplified boundary handling, and heuristic impeller¨Cfluid coupling.</abstract>
<fullTextUrl format="pdf">https://pubs.sciepub.com/ajme/14/1/3/ajme-14-1-3.pdf</fullTextUrl>
<keywords language="eng"><keyword>Fluid simulation</keyword>
<keyword>Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH)</keyword>
<keyword>Heightfield model</keyword>
<keyword>Real-time graphics</keyword>
<keyword>OpenGL</keyword>
<keyword>Motor-driven flow</keyword>
<keyword>Interactive visualization</keyword>
<keyword>Computer graphics</keyword>
</keywords>
</record>
</records>
