Science and Education Publishing American Journal of Medical Case Reports 2 6 2014 07 08 Gossypiboma or Textiloma: A Report of 2 Cases and Strategies for Prevention 123 125 EN M E Aghahowa F F Achem E O Umobong B A Ojo Department of Histopathology, College of Health Scienes, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria AJMCR2014264 10.12691/ajmcr-2-6-4 2014 06 18 2014 07 03 2014 07 08 2 cases of Gossypiboma also called Textiloma or Gauzeoma are presented with the attendant management challenges. One of them presented with an intra peritoneal abscess and a fistula necessitating a 2 staged bowel resection and colostomy then closure while the other simulated a complete intra luminal colonic tumor with sub acute intestinal obstruction. Despite the serious medico-legal and psychological issues involved the patients were duly informed. The doctors that did the previous surgeries were also informed. The surgical team is advised to be meticulous with swab counts in order to avoid its occurrence and when it does a high index of suspicion is required for early diagnosis and management. The policy of prevention coupled with use of several adjunct technologies which accounts for sponge use will help to reduce the incidence of gossypibomas. These strategies to avoid its occurrence are also discussed.