eng Science and Education Publishing American Journal of Medical and Biological Research 2328-4099 2016-04-07 4 1 10 12 10.12691/ajmbr-4-1-3 AJMBR2016413 article Desman Situmorang dman2912@gmail.com 1 Nanan Sekarwana 1 Eddy Fadlyana 1 Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia Background. Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a kidney disease with high incidence. Although steroids therapy produces a good outcome with remission (80?95%), but the relapse rates are also high (60-90%). Relapsed NS patients experienced a long period treatment and become dependent on steroids, which might cause side effects such as short stature, overweight, osteoporosis, and cardiovascular disease. Some risk factors of relapse are age, late remission, first relapsed ≤6 months after remission, and short initial therapy. Study design. A cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection from medical record of patients with frequent and infrequent relapse nephrotic syndrome from January 2010 to December 2014. There were 90 patients which were divided in two groups, 45 frequent relapse and 45 infrequent relapse. Statistical analysis used bivariate and multivariate risk factor. Result. Boys:girls ratio was 4.6:1, with median age is 5 years and 5 month (65 months). From bivariate analysis, the first diagnosis ܡ5 years (p<0.001) and time on remission ܡ6 month (p<0.001) were the risk factor of frequent relapse. Multivariate analysis showed time on remission ܡ6 month (OR 37.113, CI 95% (7.115?193.595)) more significant than the age at diagnosis ܡ5 years (OR 8.0 CI 95% (2.402?26.645)) upon frequent relapse nephrotic syndrome. Conclusion. Time on remission ܡ6 month and the age at diagnosis of NS ܡ5 years were risk factor of frequent relapse in nephrotic syndrome patients. http://pubs.sciepub.com/ajmbr/4/1/3/ajmbr-4-1-3.pdf Nephrotic syndrome frequent relapse risk factor