Dewi Apri Astuti^{1, 2,}, Dondin Sajuthi¹, Irma Herawati Suparto¹, Jay Kaplan³, Sue Appt³, Thomas B. Clarkson³

Understanding the process of atherosclerosis progress can be studied in laboratory animals, such as nonhuman primate (NHP). Investigators at Bogor Agricultural University Indonesia, Primate Research Center (IPB) reported to develop an atherogenic diet (IPB 1) by using fresh egg yolk and coconut oil as source of cholesterol and fat. The aims of the research were to correct nutritional inadequacy in the initial IPB 1 atherogenic diet by supplementation with corn oil (IPB 1+CO); to use dry powdered egg yolk (PEY) instead of fresh egg yolk (IPB 1+CO+PEY); to use concentrated source of protein (43%) pupae meal (PM) instead of soya meal (IPB 1+CO+PM) ; and to use crystalline cholesterol (CC) instead of egg yolk (IPB 1+CO+CC). Twenty four Macaca fascicularis were used as animal model for three months adaptation followed by 12 months for four diet treatments. Parameters measured such body weight, waist circumference, trunk length, adiposity index, nutrient utilization, and plasma lipid profile every three months. This experiment used Completely Randomized Design with four treatments and six replications. Result showed that there were no significant differences found in morphometric parameters among the diet groups compared to one another or change from baseline. The nutrient (protein, fat and carbohydrate) consumption and the absorption were essentially the same for all four diet groups. The IPB 1+CO diet, the IPB 1+CO+PM diet and the IPB 1+CO+CC induced a similar atherogenic plasma lipid profile, with marked increases in total plasma cholesterol concentrations.

atherogenic diet, crystalline cholesterol, powder egg yolk, pupa meal