Dr. Mariam Muneer¹, Dr Urmi Reshamdalal^2,, Dr. Vikram Shad³, Dr. Ekta Patel⁴, Dr. Zulekha Yasin⁵, Dr. Ayesha Aijaz⁶, Dr. Sandeep Singh⁷

Bioactive restorative materials have transformed restorative dentistry by combining structural restoration with therapeutic functions that promote tissue repair and oral health. Unlike conventional restorative materials, these materials actively interact with the surrounding dental tissues through ion release, remineralization, antibacterial activity, and stimulation of dentin–pulp regeneration. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the principles of bioactivity, classification of bioactive restorative materials, including glass ionomer cements, calcium silicate-based materials, bioactive composite resins, and bioactive ceramics, their mechanisms of action, clinical applications, advantages, limitations, and future developments. Current evidence suggests that bioactive restorative materials improve restoration longevity, reduce the risk of secondary caries, and support minimally invasive and regenerative treatment approaches. However, challenges related to long-term clinical evidence, mechanical properties, and cost remain. Future advances in nanotechnology, smart and self-healing materials, artificial intelligence-assisted material selection, and personalized restorative dentistry are expected to further enhance the clinical performance and therapeutic potential of these materials.

Bioactive restorative materials, Remineralization, Glass ionomer cement, Biodentine, Mineral trioxide aggregate, Bioactive composites, Restorative dentistry