Melak Tlili^1,, Wafa El Kholti¹, Marouane El Machrouhi¹, Jamila Kissa¹

Background: Epulis is a benign, tumor-like gingival lesion encompassing several histopathological subtypes. Although non-neoplastic, these lesions may recur, particularly in the presence of persistent local irritants or following incomplete surgical excision. Accurate diagnosis, appropriate oral hygiene preparation, and complete removal are essential to ensure long-term stability. Case presentation: This case series describes three female patients presenting with recurrent benign epulis in the anterior maxilla, each with a history of previous excision performed elsewhere. Case 1: An ossifying epulis that developed during pregnancy was treated using a papilla-preserving excision technique, with uneventful healing and no recurrence at 6 months. Case 2: A fibrous epulis with mild inflammation recurred one month after conservative excision, requiring a second, more extensive surgical intervention including papilla removal. Case 3: A large fibrous epulis associated with poorly adapted prosthetic crowns was managed by complete excision combined with prosthetic correction, with no recurrence observed at 3 months. Discussion: Epulis lesions (fibrous, ossifying, or inflammatory) represent both esthetic and functional challenges, particularly in the anterior maxilla. Recurrence is commonly associated with persistent local irritants such as plaque, calculus, or prosthetic trauma, as well as incomplete excision. Successful management requires elimination of etiological factors, complete and well-planned surgical excision, and adaptation of the technique to esthetic considerations. Conclusion: This case series highlights the clinical variability of recurrent benign epulis and underscores the importance of comprehensive management, including initial oral preparation, complete excision, histopathological confirmation, and structured follow-up to achieve stable and esthetically satisfactory outcomes.

Epulis, Gingival lesions, Fibrous epulis, Ossifying epulis, Recurrence