Bamidele O. Popoola^1,, Orighoye T. Temisanren¹

Aim: To determine the prevalence and patterns of normative orthodontic anomalies among adolescent boys in public secondary schools in urban Ibadan, and to explore associations with sociodemographic variables. Material & Method: A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 706 male students aged 10–19 years using multistage sampling across three urban local government areas in Ibadan. Clinical examination was carried out assessing orthodontic anomalies including spacing, crowding, tooth rotation, and Angles malocclusion class. Demographic data was collected via structured questionnaires. Bivariate and multivariable analyses evaluated associations between anomalies and age, school class level, parental education, and socioeconomic status (SES). Results: Orthodontic anomalies were highly prevalent, with upper arch spacing (37.3%), tooth rotation (28.9%), lower arch spacing (25.9%), and lower arch crowding (25.5%) most common. Class I malocclusion was predominant. Anomalies varied significantly by age group and school class level (p < 0.05). Lower arch crowding and spacing were significantly more frequent among low and middle SES groups. Logistic regression identified school class level, but not age or SES, as an independent predictor of lower crowding (AOR = 2.36, p = 0.038). Conclusion: Normative orthodontic anomalies are widespread among adolescent boys in urban Ibadan, with sociodemographic disparities evident. School-based screening and preventive orthodontic programs targeting underserved populations are needed.

Malocclusion, Orthodontic anomalies, Adolescents boys, Socioeconomic status, School-based survey