Silaho-Maleka Emmanuellia-Divine^{1, 2}, Elion Itou Romaric De Garde², Gombe Assoungou Herman^{1, 2}, Morabandza Cyr Jonas^{1, 2,}

S. camptoneura is a plant of the traditional Congolese pharmacopoeia known for its anti-inflammatory properties. This work is a comparative study of the effect of the hydro-ethanolic extract of S. camptoneura (Loganiaceae) leaves and its different fractions in order to identify the most effective fraction against acute and chronic inflammation. The fractions (F1, F2, F3 and F4) were obtained after fractionation of the hydro-ethanolic extract by open column chromatography. The acute and chronic anti-inflammatory effect was evaluated by injection of 2.5% formaldehyde, at the level of the plantar fascia in the Wistar rat 1 hour after administration of the extract and fractions at doses of 100 and 200mg /Kg, Diclofenac (10mg/Kg) and distilled water (1mL/100g). Edema volume (mm) was measured using an electronic caliper at 1/2, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 24 h after induction of inflammation. The obtained results showed that at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg the extract, fractions and Diclofenac significantly inhibit (p<0.001) acute inflammation at 82.80 and 83.45% for F4; 81.64% for Diclofenac. Similarly, a significant inhibition (p<0.001) was observed with F4, F3 at 200 mg/Kg and Diclofenac at 83.02; 71.82 and 77.94% respectively. At J9, the inhibition was non-significant with the extract, F1 and F2 against a significant inhibition (p<0.05) with Diclofenac, F3 and F4 compared to distilled water (negative control). The inhibitions went from 77.94 to 35.60%; 71.82 to 65.45% and from 83.02 to 62.16% from J3 to J9 respectively for Diclofenac, F3 and F4. The maximum anti-inflammatory effect was obtained with the F4 fraction. These results show that the use of fractions in the care of inflammation would be a good alternative.

S. camptoneura, Diclofenac, fraction, inflammation, formaldehyde