Ali Jebelli^1,, Nafiseh Lotfi¹, Maral Partovibakhsh², Arezoo Mahabadi³, Mohammad Saeid Zare⁴, Mustapha C. E. Yagoub^5,

The escalating global demand for sustainable energy necessitates the maximization of hydrocarbon recovery, with coalbed methane (CBM) representing a crucial yet underutilized resource. However, the low permeability of coal seams and the persistent risk of methane gas explosions present formidable challenges to effective CBM extraction. Traditional mine ventilation systems are often inadequate in managing these risks, highlighting the need for innovative extraction technologies. This research introduces a novel, portable microwave device specifically engineered to enhance coal seam permeability, thereby optimizing CBM recovery while significantly improving safety in coal mining operations. Operating at 2.45 GHz, the device employs a conical horn antenna with a 28 cm aperture to target and evaporate moisture within a 40 cm diameter section of the coal wall, effectively increasing permeability through localized microwave radiation. Our approach addresses critical limitations of previous methodologies, which lacked control over microwave application and operated under non-representative conditions. By simulating and implementing the device under realistic mining environments, we account for the challenges posed by oxygen presence and the coal ignition temperature, ensuring safe operation even in high-risk settings. Extensive field tests corroborate the device's capability to substantially increase methane yield while mitigating explosion hazards. This breakthrough not only marks a significant advancement in CBM extraction technology but also establishes a new paradigm for enhancing safety and efficiency in coal mining. The portability and adaptability of the device further extend its applicability across diverse mining scenarios, positioning it as a pivotal tool in the pursuit of sustainable energy solutions.

Coal permeability enhancement, Conical horn antenna, Coalbed methane, Microwave heating, Methane