Alec J. Ernst^1,, Cooper R. Wade¹, David G. Dyer¹, Daniel K. Boakye Danquah¹, Olusegun S. Tomomewo¹

Vehicles have become a necessity to modern life, with ICEVs continuing to dominate the industry. The vast infrastructure surrounding ICEVs allows for reliable transportation. Recently, priorities have shifted to climate change becoming a top agenda. At the same time electric vehicle technology has advanced to emerging into the market at a reasonable price, with increased safety and reliability. Limitations surrounding the deployment of EV technology at market scale, is the capability of the current infrastructure, technology, cost, and the end user assuming technology accountability without incentive. In this study, the impact on electric vehicle technology, the advancement of Lithium-Ion (Li-ion) batteries, and its impact on the grid will be analyzed for use in the United States at a large scale for grid readiness. Three key areas will be examined to bridge the gap between the current state of Li-ion battery EV technology and grid infrastructure and where this technology needs to meet future demand. These areas include understanding the driving factors for the need to change to e-mobility. The second is to identify and examine the roadmap linking Li-ion technology to grid design and recommendation for resolving the negative impact on grid infrastructure. The third is to evaluate the pathway forward in emerging Li-ion battery storage and technology to meet consumer needs. Results of this study show the benefits of transitioning the transportation market from ICEV to EV is considered favorable.

energy, efficiency, sustainability, grid infrastructure, electric vehicles, policy, charging and discharging, internal combustion engine, lithium-ion batteries