Atmospheric coarse particles (PM₁₀) are 2.5 to 10 microns in diameter; the major contributor to urban as well as rural atmospheric pollution. The primary sources of atmospheric coarse particles (PM₁₀) are agricultural products (soil and organic carbon), traffic re-suspension (road dust), burning of domestic fuels, industrial combustion products (elemental carbon), construction, and mining products. Short-term and long-term exposure to inhaled atmospheric coarse particles (PM₁₀) plays many detrimental roles in human health and also health damage; directly or indirectly affecting vital organs/systems in the human body (mainly the cardiopulmonary system). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the disease burden by estimating relative risk (based on each current annual PM₁₀ concentration obtained from each air monitoring station by using Plantower particulate matter sensor in Midnapore city), the attributable fraction of deaths, and the expected number of deaths due to short-term exposure to PM₁₀ for all-cause of all ages. This study included the required annual PM₁₀ concentrations (μg/m³) for Midnapore city in 2019 and 2020 (collected by using Plantower particulate matter sensor PMS3003, and PMS5003), PM₁₀ exposed population data (collected from Midnapore municipality), and death data for the concerned city (which was collected from the Health Ministry, Government of West Bengal). The percentage of increased risk of death per 10 μg/m³ of exposure to PM₁₀ is 0.8% (better to use a 95% confidence interval to eliminate statistical uncertainty) standardized by Bart Ostro (2004) expressed as a concentration-response coefficient (β) under the concentration-response functions, which is used to estimate the relative risk (RR) from PM₁₀ exposure. The results of the RR estimate the attributable fraction of death. The expected number of deaths due to short-term exposure to PM₁₀ is estimated by multiplying baseline mortality (deaths/person/year) and exposed population with AF results. The results show that the annual average PM₁₀ concentration (μg/m³) exceeded both WHO guidelines and India's NAAQSs in Midnapore city in the corresponding years. The results show that the expected number of premature deaths linked with short-term exposure to PM₁₀ ranged from 42 to 69 per year. To reduce the burden of PM₁₀ disease in the coming days, it is imperative to adopt the necessary policies to control the main source of particulate emissions in the respective cities.

atmospheric coarse particles (PM₁₀), relative risk, attributable fraction, death rate, short-term exposure, Midnapore city