This paper extends the application of the ROTASE model for the formation of spiral arms of disc galaxies with detailed description of most common spiral patterns of barred galaxies with substantially different types of morphologies, questions and confusions from readers about this model are addressed. The optical trail effect behind the spiral arm rotation is the result of the fluid mechanism and the natural consequence of the model. The morphologies of ring galaxies are classified into four categories: type I: single ring; type II: 8-shaped double ring; type III: 8-shaped double ring wrapped by a larger outer ring; type IV: single ring without spiral and bar. All four types of ring galaxies can be described by the ROTASE model. The ROTASE model predicts that the false impression of spiral arm rotating ahead of the galactic bar in the galaxy MCG+00-04-051 will change with time, it will look like a normal galaxy with about 30° to 40° bar rotation in the future and the galactic bar ends will look like rotating ahead of the spiral arms with further 10° to 15°bar rotation. The formation of one arm galaxies is due to that X-matter emission at one side of supermassive black hole is much stronger than other side. More evidence is found to support the explanation of the formation and the evolution of the Hoag’s object. The possible evolution of spiral pattern of galaxies is illustrated by UGC 6093 and M51. The spiral arm winding of the Milky Way could be tighter in the future based on the ROTASE model. The possibility of spiral arm formation by the density wave mechanism and the manifold mechanism are ruled out by the one side trail effect of the galaxy J101652.52-004630.0, the special spiral pattern of the galaxy MCG+00-04-051 with broken connection of spiral arm from galactic bar, the chain-link arm crossing style with sequential decrease of the luminosity along the ring lines, the special double ring pattern of the galaxy SDSS J015701.50-001644.4 as well as the one-arm galaxy NGC 4618.

ROTASE model, formation of spiral arms, X-matter, black hole, chain-link, ring crossing