@article{wjoc2013111,
author={Nyamoita, Mokua Gladys},
title={Toxicity of Individual and Blends of Pure Phytoecdysteroids Isolated from <i>Vitex Schiliebenii</i> and <i>Vitex Payos</i> against <i>Anopheles Gambiae</i> S.S. Larvae},
journal={World Journal of Organic Chemistry},
volume={1},
number={1},
pages={1--5},
year={2013},
url={http://pubs.sciepub.com/wjoc/1/1/1},
abstract={Four phytoecdysteroids:<b> </b>(20-hydroxyecdysone-20, 22-monacetonide (<b>1</b>), 20-hydroxyecdysone (<b>2</b>), stigmasterol (<b>3</b>), gamma-sitosterol (<b>4</b>), were investigated for toxic effect against 3<SUP>rd</SUP> /4<SUP>th</SUP> instar larvae of <i>Anopheles gambiae</i> under laboratory conditions as individual compounds and in blends. The test larvae were treated with solutions containing the phytoecdysteroids of concentrations 1, 5 and 10ppm. The blends were prepared in the ratio of 1:1. Compounds <b>1</b> and <b>2</b>, isolated from acetone extracts of <i>Vitex payos</i> caused 100% mortality at 10ppm. Compound <b>3</b> isolated from acetone leaves of <i>V. schiliebenii </i>and compound <b>4</b> isolated from acetone stem bark of <i>V. schilebenii </i>also showed potent activity against the larvae at 10ppm. At the lower concentrations, abnormal mobility and impaired development was observed. Phytoecdysteroids (20-hydroxyecdysone-20, 22-monacetonide (<b>1</b>) and 20-hydroxyecdysone (<b>2</b>) are larvicidal against <i>An. gambiae</i>. stigmasterol (<b>3</b>), gamma-sitosterol (<b>4</b>) also show potent IGR activities against <i>An. </i>gambiae. Also addition of compounds <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> to stigmasterol (<b>3</b>) and gamma-sitosterol (<b>4</b>) seperately improved the activity of the two compounds.},
doi={10.12691/wjoc-1-1-1}
publisher={Science and Education Publishing}
}