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Traditional Medicinal Plants Used by Local People at the Village Sabgram under Sadar Upazila of Bogra District, Bangladesh

A. H. M. Mahbubur Rahman*, Mowsume Akhter Keya

Plant Taxonomy Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

Abstract: The present paper deals with the important medicinal plants at the village Sabgram under sadar upazila of Bogra district were carried out during March 2013 to July 2014. A total of 119 medicinal plant species belonging to 109 genera and 50 families were collected and recorded for their use in 207 ailments. These folk medicinal plants were mostly used for treatment of abscess, asthma, abortion, cough, cold, chicken pox, constipation, dysentery, diarrhea, diabetes, eczema, fever, and fracture of bone, headache, heart disease, itches, jaundice, menstrual disease, paralysis, piles, skin diseases, snake-bite, sex problems, toothache, vomiting, worm, wound and others. In majority cases, leaves of the medicinal plants were found leading in terms of their use followed by whole plant, stem, bark, fruits, rhizome, seed, root and flower. For each species scientific name, local name, habit, family, ailments to be treated, mode of treatment and part(s) used are provided.

Keywords: medicinal plants, traditional uses, Sabgram, Bogra, Bangladesh

Received May 13, 2015; Revised July 10, 2015; Accepted July 26, 2015

Citation: A. H. M. Mahbubur Rahman, Mowsume Akhter Keya, Traditional Medicinal Plants Used by Local People at the Village Sabgram under Sadar Upazila of Bogra District, Bangladesh. Research in Plant Sciences, 3 (2). 31-37. January 2015. doi:10.12691/plant-3-2-2

1. Introduction

Sabgram village is situated at 24°51'34.7"N and 89°24'01.9"E. The village lies about for 3 Kilometers East of Bogra city. It is situated in the North-East side of Dhaka-Bogra highway road, near the Bogra bypass road-2, South of Matidali bus stand and west side of Gabtoli. The climate of Sabgram village is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild winters and rainfall. The summer season commerce early in the March with the cessation of the Northerly wind. The winter season (November-January) which is cool and little rainfall; summer season (June-October) which is warm and no rainfall. In terms of temperature variation it appears that average annual temperature is about 26-36. The maximum monthly temperature can reach up to 40.1 during May and minimum monthly temperature 9 C during January. Data on temperature included in this Table have been from monthly statistical bulletin of Bangladesh. Relative humidity percentage ranged from 54.71% with annual average of 79.08%. Date on relative humidity included in this Table have been recorded from Regional Weather office, Khander, Bogra. The maximum amount of monthly rainfall being 507 mm in August 2013 and minimum amount of monthly rainfall being 0mm in Nov-Dec 2013, Jan and April 2014. The soil of village Sabgram, Bogra is rich alluvium. The texture of the soil is clayey. The soil pH of the area varies from 5.5 to 6.0 and 6.7 to 7.9 respectively with an average value of 7.22. This is the best soil for the growth of various plants and suitable for agricultural and gardening.

The work on ethnobotany in Bangladesh is very recent. Several medicinal plants and ethno-botanical studies in Bangladesh have been carried out. [3], [4] documented the ehtnobotanical information and medicinal plant use by Marma. Several work also done by [1], [3], [4], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [16], [17], [34], [35], [41], [42], [43], [44], [51], [52], [53], [54], [55], [56], [20], [21], [22], [23], [36], [37], [38], [39], [45], [46], [47], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [48], [49] and [6]. The aim of the present study was to first record of medicinal plants used by the local people living in Bogra district of Bangladesh.

2. Materials and Methods

In the present survey, a total of 119 plant species belonging to 109 genera and 50 families were recorded. A total of twenty field trips were made for documentation. During the field interview, the information was noted in the documentation data sheet. All the information regarding plant species, biological forms, habitat, local names and uses was documented. Medicinal information was obtained through informal interviews following semi-structured from knowledgeable person’s particularly local Kabiraj/Herbalists and elderly people. Plant specimens were collected with flowers and fruits and processed using standard herbarium techniques [5]. The specimens were identified consulting with the experts, by comparing herbarium specimens and available literatures [2], [14], [18], [19] [15] and [16]. The voucher specimens are stored at Rajshahi University Herbarium (RUH) for future reference.

3. Results and Discussion

The important medicinal plants at the village Sabgram under sadar upazila of Bogra district, Bangladesh were carried out. A total of 119 medicinal plant species belonging to 109 genera and 50 families were collected and recorded for their use in 207 ailments. Most of the local people in the study area are poor are illiterate. In one hand, these people are out of the reach of modern medicines and on other hand, the market price of most available medicines are very expensive. As a result, these medicinal plants are used by them to cure following the diseases, especially for abscess, asthma, abortion, cough, cold, small pox, constipation, dysentery, diarrhea, diabetes, eczema, fever, and fracture of bone, headache, heart disease, itches, jaundice, menstrual disease, paralysis, piles, skin diseases, snake-bite, toothache, vomiting, worm, wound and others. (Table 1) Different plant parts of different spp. are used as medicine for treating various diseases; bark of 3, leaf of 34, fruit of 3, root of 19, seed of 1, latex of 2, stem of 5, mucilage of 1, inflorescence 1, rhizome 1, tuber 2 and whole plant of 13 species were used as medicine (Figure 1). For each species scientific name, local name, habit, family, ailments to be treated, mode of treatment and part(s) used are provided. The study also suggested that the present information on medicinal use of plants by tribal people may be used for botanical and pharmacological research in future for the discovery of new sources of drugs.

Table 1. List of medicinal plants and their use in different ailments by the local people at the village Sabgram under Sadar upazila of Bogra Distirct, Bangladesh

Figure 1. Number of plant parts used for medicinal purpose

Based on this study, the important medicinal plants at the village Sabgram under sadar upazila of Bogra district, Bangladesh was made that includes 119 angiosperm species under 109 genera and 50 families (Table 1). The collected information is comparable with the result of other studies in Bangladesh. A total of 86 plant taxa belonged to 84 genera under 46 families are highlighted in Tangail district [6]. Altogether 49 species belonging to 47 genera and 33 families are enumerated in Rajshahi City [21]. A total of 98 species belonging to 88 genera under 50 families were recorded in Jessore district [37]. A total of 102 plant species under 93 genera and 52 families were collected and recorded in Naogaon district [36]. A total of 73 plant species under 68 genera of 42 families have been documented in Dhaka district [38]. A total of 66 species in 62 genera and 38 families were documented in Bandarban district [10] . No published information recorded on the important medicinal plants at the village Sabgram under sadar upazila of Bogra district, Bangladesh.

Figure 2. Category of uses (%) important ailments

Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the local people at the village Sabgram under Sadar Upazila of district Bogra, Bangladesh for their co-operation and help during the medicinal studies.

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