Science and Education Publishing Global Journal of Surgery 3 2 2015 05 15 Why Should Be Removed Chronic Infected Abdominal Synthetic Meshes? A Review 17 23 EN V. OPREA Department of Surgery, Emergency Military Hospital 'Constantin Papilian' Cluj-Napoca D. MOGA JS2015321 10.12691/js-3-2-1 2015 04 17 2015 05 02 2015 05 15 Incisional hernia is the most common late complication of laparotomy. Prosthetic treatment resulted in a remarkable improvement in surgical outcomes by reducing drastically the rate of reccurence and increasing quality of life. Insertion of synthetic prostheses is encumbered by a relatively high rate of complications of which the most common is infection. Chronic infection requires removal of mesh as radical therapeutic measure. Based on the literature review, the article presents, the main mechanisms of chronic infection and the main reasons for removal of prosthesis. Specially are analyzed mechanisms in gaining the antibiotic resistance of bacteria in biofilm. Following the analysis it can be concluded that once infected prosthesis can not be saved by conservative means.