Science and Education Publishing Global Journal of Surgery 2 2 2014 08 12 Neuro-cognitive Rehabilitation after Surgery through Music Therapy 30 33 EN Zarghi A Neuroscience Departments, Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Zali A Ashrafi F Moazzezi S JS2014223 10.12691/js-2-2-3 2014 01 15 2014 01 25 2014 08 12 Introduction: Rehabilitation of brain function through music therapy has grown significantly in the past half century. Surgery often makes cognitive changes such as memory, attention, executive function, speech, motor function and these impairments need to rehabilitation. Music therapy is used to stimulate brain functions including movement, cognition, language, emotion and sensory perception. Musical interventions should be based on the principles and they needs to settings for rehabilitation. Therapists are engaged to work in different settings from hospitals to educational and also private rehabilitation after surgery. Diagnostic evaluation of this technique and applied research models are accounted as new low-cost priorities in treatment of surgical complications. Empirical successes of music therapy in neuro-cognitive rehabilitation open the way for new research.