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American Journal of Public Health Research
DOI: 10.12691/ajphr-1-1-3

The Implementation of a Tele-Homecare System with Service Oriented Architecture and HL7 Message Transmission Standard
Ching-Sung Wang

American Journal of Medical and Biological Research
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The Influence of Ethanol on Pyruvate Kinases Activity in Vivo, in Vitro, in Silico
Lelevich Sergey Vladimirovich, Khrustalev Vladislav Victorovich, Barkovsky Eugene Victorovich, Shedogubova Tatyana Aleksandrovna

American Journal of Medical Sciences and Medicine
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Clinical and Histological Features in Wegener Granulomatosis
Li Cavoli Gioacchino, Passantino Rita, Bono Luisa, Tortorici Calogera, Ferrantelli Angelo, Giammarresi Carlo, Rotolo Ugo

American Journal of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology
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The Curse of Lymphatic Filariasis: Would the Continual Use of Diethylcarbamazine Eliminate this Scourge in Papua New Guinea?
Anne Lanham, Lillian Mwanri

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BriefTrends: Association between Strength Training and ADHD in U.S. Children – NHIS, 2020

Peter D. Hart

Health Promotion Research, Havre, Montana, USA

Abstract: This BriefTrends describes the prevalence of no strength training and its association with ADHD in U.S. children participating in the 2020 NHIS.

Keywords: strength training, ADHD, NHIS, physical education, physical activity

Received February 10, 2023; Revised March 13, 2023; Accepted March 24, 2023

Citation: Peter D. Hart, BriefTrends: Association between Strength Training and ADHD in U.S. Children – NHIS, 2020. Journal of Physical Activity Research, 8 (1). 14-15. January 2023. doi:10.12691/jpar-8-1-3

1. Purpose

To estimate the prevalence of strength training risk and examine its relationship with ADHD in U.S. children.

2. Data Source

The 2020 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS).

3. Population

Noninstitutionalized U.S. children 6 to 17 years of age.

4. Variables

1) Strength training exercise status (at least some or none), 2) Current attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (Has ADHD or No ADHD), 3) Sex (boy or girl), and 4) Control variables: age, sex, race, and income.

5. Analysis

Prevalence (%) estimates of no strength training exercise, standard errors for prevalence estimates, Rao-Scott chi-square test statistic (χ²RS) for difference in prevalence estimates, odds ratios (ORs) representing the strength training and ADHD association with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for ORs. SAS Survey Procedures were used, version 9.4.

Figure 1. Prevalence of no strength training reported by U.S. children (6 to 17 years of age), overall and by ADHD status and sex, NHIS 2020. Note. N represents respective overall sample size. Prevalence estimates (%) are weighted. Estimates are for those reporting "never" to a question asking how often the child typically exercises to strengthen or tone their muscles, with activities like sit-ups, push-ups, or weight lifting. Error bars represent standard errors for the prevalence estimates. Odds ratio (OR) represents the odds of no strength training (versus at least some) for those with ADHD compared to those with no ADHD. Bold ORs are significant (p < .05). aOR (95% CI) adjusted for age, sex, race, and income. bOR (95% CI) adjusted for age, race, and income.

6. Findings

The overall prevalence of no strength training exercise among 6- to 17-year-old children was 32.4% (95% CI: 30.3 to 34.5), with no significant sex difference (p = .395). Overall, those with ADHD were more likely to report no strength training as compared to their counterparts (38.5% vs. 31.7%, p = .024), with 38% greater odds (OR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.04 to 1.83). Among boys, those with ADHD were also more likely to report no strength training (38.8% vs. 30.4%, p = .025), with 45% greater odds (OR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.01 to 2.09). Although trending in a similar direction, the greater prevalence of no strength training among girls with ADHD was not significant as compared to their counterparts (38.1% vs. 33.0%, p = .323).

References

[1]   | National Center for Health Statistics. Survey Description, National Health Interview Survey, 2020. Hyattsville, Maryland. 2021.
[2]   | National Center for Health Statistics. National Health Interview Survey, 2020. Public-use data file and documentation. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhis/data-questionnaires-documentation.htm. 2021.
[3]   | SAS Institute Inc. 2015. SAS/STAT® 14.1 User’s Guide. Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc.