@article{jfnr2020882,
author={{Chen, Yue-Hwa and Wang, Yi-Han and Chen, Yun-Ting and Hou, Yuan-Yu and Bhawamai, Sassy and Fang, Yu-Wei},
title={Suppression of Inflammatory Mediators by Ethanol Extracts of <i>Pennisetum purpureum </i>S. (Napiergrass Taishigrass no. 2) in Activated RAW 264.7 Macrophages},
journal={Journal of Food and Nutrition Research},
volume={8},
number={8},
pages={392--398},
year={2020},
url={http://pubs.sciepub.com/jfnr/8/8/2},
issn={2333-1240},
abstract={Napiergrass Taishigrass no. 2 (NT2) is a new hybrid of napiergrass (<i>Pennisetum purpureum</i> S.), and is commonly added as an ingredient in bioorganic energy soup, a plant-based drink which is thought to have health-promoting effects. Thus, NT2 is hypothesized to possess biological functions. In this study, we explored the effects of NT2 ethanol extracts on <i>in vitro</i> antioxidant activities and on modulation of immune mediators in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Results showed that ethanol extracts contained significant amount of polyphenols and chlorophylls, and possessed <i>in vitro</i> ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) antioxidative activities. The ethanol extracts did not show immunomodulatory activities in macrophages without lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 100 ng/ml) treatment, but significantly suppressed the LPS-stimulated production of inflammatory mediators, including nitric oxide (NO), interleukin (IL)-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-¦Á, and such effects were associated with decreased expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) protein and cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14) mRNA, suggesting that NT2 has anti-inflammatory activities. On the other hand, the extracts increased matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 activity, but showed no effects on Toll-like receptor (TLR) expression. In conclusion, ethanol extracts of NT2 possessed <i>in vitro</i> antioxidative activities and exhibited anti-inflammatory activities by decreasing NO, IL-6, and TNF-¦Á production in association with decreased CD14 mRNA expression in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages, indicating its potential roles on health promotion and prentive effects against chronic diseases and such effects were and it¡¯s <i>in vitro</i> antioxidant activities, suggesting its potential roles on health promotion.},
doi={10.12691/jfnr-8-8-2}
publisher={Science and Education Publishing}
}