eng Science and Education Publishing Journal of Food and Nutrition Research 2333-1240 2016-08-30 4 9 571 581 10.12691/jfnr-4-9-3 JFNR2016493 article A.S. Bahobail abahobail@yahoo.com 1 Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Saudi Arabia Forty species belonging to 20 genera were collected from wheat grains on plates of glucose- (16 genera and 26 species), cellulose- (16 and 25), Czapek's agar, yeast starch- (12 and 19) agar and sabouraud's- (20 and 38) dextrose agar media at 28°C. The most common species were: Acremonium strictum, Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, A. niger., Cochliobolus lunatus, Chrysosporium lucknowense and Nectria haematococca. Forty species belonging to 20 genera were collected from wheat flour on plates of glucose- (16 genera and 32 species), cellulose (16 and 32) - Czapek's agar, yeast starch (15 and 23) agar and sabouraud's (9 and 23) dextrose agar at 28°C. The most common species were: Acremonium strictum, Alternaria altrnata, Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Pencillium chrysogenum, P. duclauxii, Chrysosporium lucknowense and Scopulariopsis brevicaulis. Forty-eight fungal isolates representing 46 species and 1 variety belonging to 24 genera were screened for their abilities to produce both exo- and endo-β -1,4- glucanase (C1 and Cx, respectively). All isolates could hydrolyze both insoluble and soluble cellulose but with variables degrees. The results show that optimum conditions for maximum production of exo- and endo-β-1,4 glucanase by Aspergillus niger and A. flavus, respectively were 8 days after incubation at 30°C with incorporation of cellulose, glucose and sodium nitrate as a sole carbon and nitrogen sources in basal medium which is initially adjusted to PH 8. http://pubs.sciepub.com/jfnr/4/9/3/jfnr-4-9-3.pdf mycobiota wheat grains wheat flour cellulolytic ability