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Some Important Plants Belonging to Asteraceae Family Used in Folkloric Medicine in Savur (Mardin/Turkey) Area and Their Application Areas

Sukru Arasan, Ilhan Kaya*

Yuzuncu Yil University, Agriculture Faculty, Plant Protection Department, 65080, Van, Turkey

Abstract: In this study; it is aimed to determine the purpose and the mode of use of some important plants belonging to Asteraceae family used in folk medicine in Savur (Mardin). Surveys were carried out in Savur Town Centre, and in some towns and villages of Savur district, during the years of 2012-2013. A total of 207 resource persons were interviewed. A total of 96 species belonging to 43 families were determined that these plants are used for therapeutic purposes. Rosaceae 10 (9.6%), Asteraceae 8 (8.6%), Lamiaceae 6 (5.7%), Cucurbitaceae 6 (5.7%), Solanaceae 4 (3.8%), Malvaceae 4 (3.8%) and Fabaceae 4 (3.8%), has been identified major first 7 families that contain most of the taxons in the research area. As a result of the study, 8 species belonging to Asteraceae families were determined which have been used for therapeutic purposes. The plants determined in research area were; Achillea aleppica Dc (tatarcı otu), Achillea biebersteinii Afan. ex Hub.-Mor. (Hanzabel), Chrysophthalmum montanum (DC.) Boiss. (Tutça), Gundelia tournefortii L. (Kenger sakızı), Matricaria aurea Schultz Bip. (Çiçeğe zer), Notobasis syriaca (L.) Cass. (Suriye dikeni), Onopordum carduchorum Bornm. et Beauverd (Kav dikeni), Tripleurospermum parviflorum (Willd.) Pobed. (Beybunik). Local names and the mode of use and necessary doses of therapeutic plants were documented.

Keywords: medicinal plants, folkloric medicine, Savur, Mardin, Turkey

Received March 12, 2015; Revised May 16, 2015; Accepted June 04, 2015

Citation: Sukru Arasan, Ilhan Kaya, Some Important Plants Belonging to Asteraceae Family Used in Folkloric Medicine in Savur (Mardin/Turkey) Area and Their Application Areas. Journal of Food and Nutrition Research, 3 (5). 337-340. January 2015. doi:10.12691/jfnr-3-5-8

1. Introduction

Mardinhasalimit and this region, the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey, Iran and Turan include sendemic flora characters.The people in our region has a rich flora have benefited from herbs from the past to the present [1,9].

Mardin is one of the oldest settled areas of many civilizations. At the same time, it is one of the rare cities living in harmony of the people from different faiths for centuries in the world. Historically and culturally, it is one of the richest cities of Turkey [2]. Therefore, it possesses important ethno botanical data.

The aim of the study, was to determine plants used in folk medicine in Mardin (Savur) and is to provide information regarding their of applicability.

2. Materials and Methods

Surveys were carried out in the central Savur Town, and in some towns and villages of Savur, during the years of 2012-2013. A total of 207 resource persons were interviewed.

In the diagnosis of the collected samples, as the primary source "Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands" [4,7] were used.

3. Results

As a result of the study, 8 species belonging to Asteracea families were determined which have been used for therapeutic purposes. The plants determined in research area were.

3.1. Achillea Aleppica Dc. (Tatarcı otu)

Local Name of Plant: Kulilka maran.

Collection Period: May–June.

Location: C8, Mardin; Savur, Üçkavak Village-Mardin Road, Visit Village, 37° 33' 49.2'' N, 40° 57' 48.0'' E, 1127 m, 31.05.2013, Ş. Arasan.

Plant Part: Flower (Figure 1).

Figure 1. Achillea aleppica Dc

Recommendation for use: Plant is boiled in water and drink against abdominal pain morning and evening (Ahmet Altun). Flowers of plant is boiled in water and is drunk against female diseases morning and evening (Neslihan Çelebi).

3.2. Achillea Biebersteinii Afan. (Hanzabel)

Local Name of Plant: Gihakêmara, Gihayêmaran, Kulilkamaran.

Collection Period: May-June.

Location: C8, Mardin; Savur, Bağyaka Village, Diyarbakır–Sürgücü Road, Roadside, 37° 32' 11.7'' N, 40° 42' 54.3'' E, 830 m, 18.05.2013, Ş. Arasan.

Plant Part: Flower (Figure 2).

Figure 2. Achillea biebersteinii Afan

Recommendation for use: The plant's flowers against of women illnesses are boiled and drunk (Neslihan Çelebi). The flowers of the plant is boiled in water. It is drunk an empty stomach twice a day for abdominal pain (Atiye Turan).

3.3. Chrysophthalmum Montanum (Dc.) Boiss. (Tutça)

Local Name of Plant: Barnoti, Bıruhecr, Heşişılkeyf, Heşşişıl beytmahmut, Heşşişıl sımmo.

Collection Period: June-July.

Location: C8, Mardin; Savur, Yaylayanı Village, 37° 35' 56.1'' N, 40° 59' 26.5'' E, 1083m, 10.06.2013, Ş. Arasan.

Plant Part: Above-ground parts (Figure 3).

Figure 3. Chrysophthalmum montanum (Dc.) Boiss

Recommendation for use: Plants are collected in cycle of flowering. The aerial parts are boiled for a long time. After cooling down, this liquid is applied cotton with on wounds (Adile Öztürk, Mehmet Kaya). After drying the plants are gound into powder and dusted on injured part of the body (İskender Öztürk, Şaban Filiz). Plants collected during flowering period and dried and the powdered plant is drawn into the nose in this way it has a therapeutic properties for the eye diseases (Artin Karademir). Plant are collected in cycle of flowering and dried. It is sprinkled to his wound of animal (Abdulhamit Erkek).

3.4. Gundelia Tournefortii L. (Kenger sakızı)

Local Name of Plant: Erkuvê, Herşef, Kereng.

Collection Period: March-April.

Location: C8, Mardin; Savur, Yenilmez Village, Inside the Village, 37° 30' 07.6'' N, 41° 00' 16.6'' E, 1116m, 29.04.2013, Ş. Arasan.

Plant Parts: Root, Above-ground parts (Figure 4).

Figure 4. Gundelia tournefortiiL

Recommendation for use: Plant roots are beaten against eczema and mixed with crushed wheat to make mush. These mush are applied onto the diseased area and is allowed to stand for one day (Kahraman Sükut). It is boiled in water and drink against stomach diseases.

Also its meal done and is eaten (Hatice Kaya). The roots of the plant stripped to from the bark is eaten against high blood pressure (Şahide Yılmaz).

3.5. Matricaria Aurea Schultz Bip. (Çiçeğe zer)

Local Name of Plant: Beybunic, Beybunıc, Beybunış, Beybuniş Gihakê sêva, Gihakê sêvan, Gihayê sevan.

Collection Period: March-April.

Location: C8, Mardin; Savur, Serenli Village, Inside the Village, Dengiza Locality, 37° 33' 49.9'' N, 40° 49' 23.0'' E, 952 m, 15.03.2013, Ş. Arasan.

Plant Part: Above-ground parts (Figure 5).

Figure 5. Matricaria aurea Bip

Recommendation for use: Plants in the study area is generally used against diseases such as bronchitis, cough, sore throat, tonsillitis. The plant usually is taken twice a day (Hatice Kaya).

3.6. Notobasis Syriaca (L.) Cass. (Suriye dikeni)

Local Name of Plant: Ğılındor, Kelbeş, Kerbeş, Kurbeşdehmore.

Collection Period: May-June.

Location: C8, Mardin; Savur, Serenli Village, Inside the Village, 37° 33' 02.3'' N, 40° 50' 20.1'' E, 874 m, 07.05.2013, Ş. Arasan

Plant Part: Seed (Figure 6).

Figure 6. Notobasis syriaca (L.) Cass

Recommendation for use: Seeds of the plant are consumed after grounded against liver diseases (Selma Eren).

3.7.Onopordum Carduchorum Bornm. et Beauverd (Kav dikeni)

Local Name of Plant: Bızır şevk, Kelbeş, Kolek, Kubêdehmorê, Şevki ahmar.

Collection Period: June.

Location: C8, Mardin; Savur, Soylu Village, Savur–Bismil Road, 37° 38' 36.5'' N, 40° 49' 56.4'' E, 781 m, 15.06.2013, Ş. Arasan.

Plant Parts: Stem, Seed (Figure 7).

Figure 7. Onopordum carduchorum Bornm. et Beauverd

Recommendation for use: Seeds of the plant is crushed. It is consumed on an empty stomach against hemorhoidal diseases in the morning and evening (Emine Şahin, Üzeyir Alökmen, Aynur Kale). Head of the plant during flowering period is cut and is drunk by boiling (Feyzi Kaya).

3.8. Tripleurospermum Parviflorum (Willd.) Pobed (Beybunik)

Local Name of Plant: Beybun, iloılto, Kahvakera, Kahvan, Kehvan, Kehvakera, Kulilkkehvan.

Collection Period: May.

Location: C8, Mardin; Savur, Yeşilalan of the Borough, Savur Road, 37° 28' 41.1'' N, 40° 48' 43.2'' E, 927 m, 25.04.2013, Ş. Arasan.

Plant Part: Capitulum (Figure 8).

Figure 8. Tripleurospermum parviflorum (Willd.) Pobed

Recommendation for use: Capitulums of the plant with thin branches of Bıttım trees is boiled and drunk against stomach problems (Şemsettin Aydın, Emine Turay, Ahmet Sun). Plant is added to boiling water and it is drunk against headache (Ahmet Sincar, Şerif Bozkurt, Lamia Gümüş). By purging the white part of the plant's flowers is crushed. It is driven to blisters by added to cow yogurt (Cemil Aslaner). After boiling capitulum of plant is driven to the face against skin blemishes (Selahattin Gül). Capitulum of the plant is brewed in hot water and drunk against intestinal problems (İdi Dal).

4. Discussion

In this study, a total of 207 resource persons were interviewed. A total of 96 species belonging to 43 families were determined that these plants are used for therapeutic purposes. It has been identified major first 7 families that contain most of the taxons in the research area. Among these families, Asteraceae family is the second place. In this study, 8 species belonging to Asteraceae families were determined which have been used for therapeutic purposes.

Flowers of Achillea aleppica Dc. are boiled in water and is drunk against female diseases morning and evening. There was not found similar usage in the investigated sources.

Flowers of Achillea biebersteinii Afan. are boiled in water and is drunk against female diseases Similar uses by [5,8] have been reported.

Chrysophthalmum montanum (Dc.) Boiss. collected during flowering period and dried and the powdered plant is drawn into the nose in this way it has a therapeutic properties for the eye diseases. It is sprinkled to his wound of animal. There was not found similar usage in the investigated sources.

Gundelia tournefortii L. roots are beaten against eczema. Similar use by [11] has been reported. It is boiled in water and drink against stomach diseases. Similar use by [10] has been reported.

Matricaria aurea Schultz Bip. in the study area is generally used against diseases such as bronchitis, cough, sore throat, tonsillitis. This usage is compatible of [1] 's with works.

Seeds of Notobasis syriaca (L.) Cass. are consumed after grounded against liver diseases and there was not found similar usage in the investigated sources.

Seeds of Onopordum carduchorum Bornm. et Beauverd are consumed on an empty stomach against hemorhoidal diseases in the morning and evening. There was not found similar usage in the investigated sources.

Tripleurospermum parviflorum (Willd.) Pobed is added to boiling water and it is drunk against headache and intestinal problems. Similar uses by [3,6,8] have been reported.

5. Results

In this study, 8 species belonging to Asteraceae families were determined which have been used for therapeutic purposes in Savur (Mardin).

Plant species were grouped with local and common names. Therapeutic application, dosage, mode of use and mode of treatment were documented. These plants are generally used against diseases such as eczema, female diseases, eye diseases, bronchitis, cough, sore throat, tonsillitis. Thus, it has been tried to be transmitted to generation to the next of experience and knowledge accumulated of thousands of years of local people from past to present.

Acknowledgements

This research was financially supported by a grant from Office of Scentific Research Projects of Yuzuncu Yil University, Van/Turkey (Project no: 2013-FBE-YL032).

References

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