@article{jfnr20241213,
author={{Sheu, Ming-Jen and Chen, Shih-Ying and Chyau, Charng-Cherng and Lin, Ying-Chun and Duh, Pin-Der},
title={Mitigation of LPS-Induced Inflammatory Responses Via Inhibition of NF-kB and MAPK Signaling Pathways by Betanin, a Coloring Agent},
journal={Journal of Food and Nutrition Research},
volume={12},
number={1},
pages={26--33},
year={2024},
url={https://pubs.sciepub.com/jfnr/12/1/3},
issn={2333-1240},
abstract={Betanin has been approved for use in food and pharmaceutical products as a natural red colorant. Recently, potential health benefits of betanin and betanin-rich foods have been discussed. This study aimed to investigate the attenuation of LPS-induced inflammatory responses through inhibition of NF-kB and MAPK signaling pathways by betanin. The results show that betanin at 1-50 ¦ÌM exerted an anti-inflammatory effect on inhibiting LPS-induced intracellular nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and interlukin 6 (IL-6). In addition, betanin decreased iNOS and COX-2 protein expression. Western blotting analysis indicated that betanin inhibited the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB) protein expression and also inhibited the MAPK signaling pathway. Above all, anti-inflammatory effects of betanin are attributed to its inhibition of inflammatory gene expression through the blocking of the NF-kB and MAPK signaling pathways. Taken together, these findings suggest that betanin is a potential anti-inflammatory mediator for inflammation-related disease treatment.},
doi={10.12691/jfnr-12-1-3}
publisher={Science and Education Publishing}
}