Dear Label_Name,

Greetings! I hope you are well.

I am writing on behalf of an international publishing house, Science and Education Publishing, USA (http://www.sciepub.com).

Science and Education Publishing (SciEP) is a multidisciplinary open access publisher of Journals covering the fields of Science, Technology and Medicine. All SciEP publications are subject to high-quality peer review, editorial and production processes and are freely available online.

Welcome to the April, 2013 edition of SciEP newsletter, providing monthly summaries of articles on science & education related topics of interest to scientist and professionals. The mission of our journals is to provide an open access forum for publishing new findings on issues pertinent to scientific and academic field. We also invite you to submit original research papers, review articles, short reports, or case studies are considered for publication in our Multidisciplinary Journals.

American Journal of Public Health Research
DOI: 10.12691/ajphr-1-1-3

The Implementation of a Tele-Homecare System with Service Oriented Architecture and HL7 Message Transmission Standard
Ching-Sung Wang

American Journal of Medical and Biological Research
DOI: 10.12691/ajmbr-1-1-2

The Influence of Ethanol on Pyruvate Kinases Activity in Vivo, in Vitro, in Silico
Lelevich Sergey Vladimirovich, Khrustalev Vladislav Victorovich, Barkovsky Eugene Victorovich, Shedogubova Tatyana Aleksandrovna

American Journal of Medical Sciences and Medicine
DOI: 10.12691/ajmsm-1-1-1

Clinical and Histological Features in Wegener Granulomatosis
Li Cavoli Gioacchino, Passantino Rita, Bono Luisa, Tortorici Calogera, Ferrantelli Angelo, Giammarresi Carlo, Rotolo Ugo

American Journal of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology
DOI: 10.12691/ajidm-1-1-2

The Curse of Lymphatic Filariasis: Would the Continual Use of Diethylcarbamazine Eliminate this Scourge in Papua New Guinea?
Anne Lanham, Lillian Mwanri

We have released issues of some journals on February 2013.
American Journal of Public Health Research
American Journal of Medical Sciences and Medicine
American Journal of Medical and Biological Research
American Journal of Pharmacological Sciences
American Journal of Clinical Medicine Research
American Journal of Nursing Research
American Journal of Cancer Prevention
American Journal of Medicine Studies
American Journal of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology
American Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research
American Journal of Biomedical Research
American Journal of Mechanical Engineering
American Journal of Microbiological Research
Journal of Preventive Medicine
American Journal of Food and Nutrition
American Journal of Hypertension Research
American Journal of Sports Science and Medicine
Journal of Cancer Research and Treatment
American Journal of Zoological Research
Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Technology
American Journal of Microbiological Research
Biomedical Science and Engineering

We are pleased to announce that submissions are now being accepted for peer review for all the journals across all our subject areas in SciEP.

Please submit your manuscript via our online submission system:
http://www.sciepub.com/author/signin

To unsubscribe from our mailing list, please click on the following link: unsubscribe

I am looking forward to hearing from you.

Kind regards,

David Rain
Email:join@sciepub.com
Science and Education Publishing (http://www.sciepub.com)

The Relativity of the Time with the Universal Density of Potential Energy at Different Stationary Reference Frames

José Luís Pereira Rebelo Fernandes

Independent research since 2005, Engineer, graduated from theUniversity of Porto

Abstract: This article is an analysis of current theory of the gravitational time dilatation in different stationary reference frames.This new approach leads us to a new vision of relativity because we find the time dependence relativeto the universal density of potential energy at placeand that density this varies from one reference frame to another reference frame. The time in each location varies in the inverse proportion of the square root of the respectiveuniversal density of potential energy. With the universal expansion the universal density of potential energy decreases and will cause the contraction of the time in the Earth reference.

Keywords: relativity, space, time, dilation, gravity, gravitational, speed, density, energy, potential, mass, light

Received December 15, 2019; Revised January 30, 2020; Accepted February 18, 2020

Citation: José Luís Pereira Rebelo Fernandes, The Relativity of the Time with the Universal Density of Potential Energy at Different Stationary Reference Frames. International Journal of Physics, 8 (1). 11-13. January 2020. doi:10.12691/ijp-8-1-2

1. Introduction

In this analysis we will use the same principles and methods used for the deduction of current theory of the Gravitational time dilation caused by the universal density of potential energy at different stationary reference frames.

The time in each location varies in the inverse proportion of the square root of the respectiveuniversal density of potential energy.

With universal expansion the universal density of potential energy decreases and will cause the contraction of the time in the Earth reference.

2. The Gravitational Time Dilation in Different Stationary Reference Frames

Let use the same theoretical principle of relativity between, the time at areference framewithin the gravitational field of mass Mon its surface and another outside of the gravity field of mass M.

2.1. The Model

Consider a reference frame A within the gravitational field of mass M, on its surface, at a distance R, radiusof mass M and a reference frame C out of this gravitational field.

Where,

G- Universal gravitational constant.

R- Distance between the reference frame A and the center of the mass M, its radius.

M - Massof M.

C²- Potential energy of light inreference frame A.

tA- Time inreference frame A.

tC- Time inreference frame C.

2.2. The Current Proposal for the Gravitational Time Dilation

Through analysis of Einstein's relativity, derived from the Schwarzschild metric, it is propose the change of time between a reference frame A within the gravitational field of mass M, and another C out of this gravitational field, given by “Ref. [5]”:

[picture] | (2.1)

2.3. The Time in Different Reference Frames with Different Density of Potential Energy at Place

The expression we will now indicate is the same as the previous one

[picture] | (2.2)

Multiplying thenumerator anddenominator inEq. (2.2) by we have:

[picture] | (2.3)

Where:

[picture] | (2.4)

- Universal density of potential energy at reference frame A,

[picture] | (2.5)

Given that:

- Density of potential energy generated by the mass M, in the reference frame A.

[picture] | (2.6)

- Universal density of potential energy at reference frame C, outside the reach of the mass gravitational field M.

The variation of the universal density of potential energy from a reference frame to another reference frame is now evident.

If we were able to subtract the density of potential energy generated by an mass, from the universal density of potential energy, is because the first participates in the second.

Substituting the values obtained in Eq.(2.6), at Eq.(2.5), we have:

[picture] | (2.7)

[picture] | (2.8)

The time at different reference framesis inversely proportional to the square root of the respective universal density of potential energy at place.

Now, we have a clear view of the time dependence with theuniversal density of potential energy at place.

We are convinced that this new finding will allow a new development of the theory of relativity.

3. Gravitational Time Dilation, in Different Stationary Reference Frames, Located at the Same Gravitational Field

Consider a new reference frame B, located at the same gravitational field generated by a mass M, at a distance b from the same center of mass M.

For the reference frame A and B, we have:

From Eq.(2.7)

[picture] | (3.1)

As respective universal density of potential energy at the surface level of massMthen at a distance b we will have a lower value in the influence of the mass itself on the universal density of potential energy, with a variation given by:

[picture] | (3.2)

Considering our planet Earth, we will have:

[picture] | (3.3)

[picture] | (3.4)

This is the new expression of the relativity of time in reference framesin relative rest, under the action of a gravitational field.

4. Conclusion

The universal density of potential energy varies from one location to another location.

The time in each location varies in the inverse proportion of the square root of the respectiveuniversal density of potential energy.

With universal expansion the universal density of potential energy decreases and will cause the contraction of the time in the Earth reference

References

[1]   | Selleri, F, Lessons of relativity, from Eisntein to the ether of Lorentz, Edições Duarte Reis e Franco Selleri, 2005, 227.
[2]   | Deus, J.D, Pimenta, M, Noronha,A, Peña, T and Brogueira, Introdução à Física, Introduction to Physics, Mc. Graw-Hill, 2000, 633.
[3]   | Eisberg, R, Resnick, , Quantum Physics of atoms, molecules, solids, nuclei, and particles, Elsevier, 1979, 928
[4]   | N. Ashby, Relativity in the Global Positioning System, Living Rev. Relativity 6 (2003)
[5]   | Crawford, Paulo. (). . Consultado em 18 de fevereiro de 2016. .
[6]   | Taylor, J.H., “Binary Pulsars and Relativistic Gravity”, Rev. Mod. Phys., 66, 711-719, (1994).
[7]   | J. Natário, General Relativity Without Calculus, Springer (2011)
[8]   | C. Rousseau e Y. Saint-Aubin, Mathematics and Technology, Springer (2008)
[9]   | E. Taylor and J. Wheeler, Exploring Black Holes: Introduction to General Relativity, Addison Wesley (2000)
[10]   | M.G.M. de Magalhães, D. Schiel, I.M. Guerrini e E. Marega Jr., Revista Brasileira de Ensino de Física 24, 97 (2002)
[11]   | E.C. Ricardo, J.F. Custódio e M.F. Rezende Jr., Revista Brasileira de Ensino de Física 29, 137 (2007)
[12]   | R.B. Werlang, R. de S. Schneider e F.L. da Silveira, Revista Brasileira de Ensino de Física 30, 1503 (2008).
[13]   | Allan, D.W., Weiss, M., and Ashby, N., “Around-the-World Relativistic Sagnac Experiment”, Science, 228, 69-70, (1985).

[14]  
Epstein, M., Stoll, E., and Fine, J., “Observable Relativistic Frequency Steps Induced by GPS Orbit Changes”, in Breakiron, L.A., ed., 33rd Annual Precise Time and Time Interval (PTTI) Systems and Applications Meeting, Proceedings of a meeting held at Long Beach, California, 27-29 November 2001, (U.S. Naval Observatory, Washington, DC, 2002).

[15]   | Lago, Teresa Descobrir o Universo, Gradiva, junho de 2006.