@article{ijp20261441,
author={{Abdallah, Said Mouigni and Faye, Ibrahima Gueye and Coulibaly, Mamadou and Gomis, Louis and Diatta, Cl¨¦ment and Diao, Amadou},
title={Electromagnetic Electron Density Fluctuations and ¦Â Parameter Fluctuations at the Edge of the JET Tokamak: Kinetic Effects of Pressure Anisotropy with Bi-Maxwellian Distribution},
journal={International Journal of Physics},
volume={14},
number={4},
pages={77--85},
year={2026},
url={https://pubs.sciepub.com/ijp/14/4/1},
issn={2333-4576},
abstract={<b>  </b>This work examines the effect of electron pressure anisotropy on electromagnetic density fluctuations  and the MHD stability parameter  at the JET tokamak edge in the kinetic limit . Using a bi?Maxwellian equilibrium and solving the linearized gyrokinetic Vlasov equation, we derive  via the Fried?Conte function. Accounting for density and magnetic field fluctuations yields. A critical anisotropy threshold is found. For (cases), the response is Landau?damped () and  ranges from 0.048% (weak turbulence,) to 4.370% (average turbulence,), staying below the 5% MHD ballooning threshold. The case  gives the lowest fluctuations. For , becomes negative, signalling a kinetic mirror instability. In average turbulence, , exceeding the MHD threshold and indicating a pre?ELM state. Comparison with Li?BES measurements (R¨¦fy et al. 2018) confirms moderate?anisotropy cases, while extreme firehose () and mirror () match pre?ELM triggering under NBI and ICRH heating, respectively.},
doi={10.12691/ijp-14-4-1}
publisher={Science and Education Publishing}
}