eng Science and Education Publishing International Journal of Physics 2013-05-08 1 1 66 71 10.12691/ijp-1-3-2 IJP2013132 article Arieh Ben-Naim arieh@fh.huji.ac.il 1 Department of Physical Chemistry The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel The idea that the hydrophobic effect is the major driving force for processes such as protein folding and protein-protein association has prevailed in the biochemical literature for over half a century. It has recently become clear that the evidence in favor of the hydrophobic paradigm has totally dissipated. The dominance of the hydrophobic effect has been reduced into nothing but a myth. On the other hand, the new paradigm based on a host of hydrophilic effects has emerged. This new paradigm offers simple and straightforward answers to the long sought problems of protein folding and protein-protein association. http://pubs.sciepub.com/ijp/1/3/2/ijp-1-3-2.pdf proteins hydrophobic hydrophilic solvation folding association