Science and Education Publishing American Journal of Pharmacological Sciences 2327-672X 3 4 2015 09 06 Efficacy and Safety of Methoxy Polyethylene Glycol Epoetin - Beta versus Epoetin Alpha for Treatment of Chronic Renal Anemia in Hemodialysis Patients 87 93 EN Abeer K. Jumaa Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy/ Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq Hassan M. Abbas Al Temimi May S. Alsabbagh Jawad I.Rasheed AJPS2015341 10.12691/ajps-3-4-1 2015 08 24 2015 08 28 2015 09 06 Objective: Chronic kidney disease is a common health problem in the world and anemia is of its common complication. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and the safety of methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta in comparison with epoetin alfa in treating chronic renal anemia in hemodialysis patients. Methods: A single center randomized controlled open labeled clinical trial with three months duration was performed. 46 Patients with chronic renal anemia were allocated randomly to receive either methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta (100μg) every two week or epoetin alfa (4000 IU) twice weekly and were evaluated at baseline and monthly after starting their treatments for 3 months. Clinical assessment was done by measuring hemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume, reticulocyte count, iron parameter, potassium level, platelets count and monitoring of the adverse events. Results There was a statistically significant increase in haemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume, and reticulocyte count in the both groups. The rise in haematological parameters in methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta group was non significantly higher than that of epoetin alfa groups. Non- significant changes were observed in potassium level and platelets count between the two groups. One case of Fistula thrombosis and local pain or tissue reaction to S.C injection was reported in methoxy polyethylene glycol epoetin beta arm. Other adverse events and complications include flu-like symptoms, diarrhea and blood transfusion was reported in both arms There were no hypertension and no death reported. Conclusion: methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta every two week effectively corrected chronic kidney disease (CKD) related anemia and was well tolerated and it is efficacy and safety is comparable to twice weekly epoetin alfa for anemia correcting in hemodialysis patients.