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American Journal of Public Health Research
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The Implementation of a Tele-Homecare System with Service Oriented Architecture and HL7 Message Transmission Standard
Ching-Sung Wang

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The Influence of Ethanol on Pyruvate Kinases Activity in Vivo, in Vitro, in Silico
Lelevich Sergey Vladimirovich, Khrustalev Vladislav Victorovich, Barkovsky Eugene Victorovich, Shedogubova Tatyana Aleksandrovna

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Clinical and Histological Features in Wegener Granulomatosis
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American Journal of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology
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Anne Lanham, Lillian Mwanri

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Dear Label_Name,

Greetings! I hope you are well.

I am writing on behalf of an international publishing house, Science and Education Publishing, USA (http://www.sciepub.com).

Science and Education Publishing (SciEP) is a multidisciplinary open access publisher of Journals covering the fields of Science, Technology and Medicine. All SciEP publications are subject to high-quality peer review, editorial and production processes and are freely available online.

Welcome to the April, 2013 edition of SciEP newsletter, providing monthly summaries of articles on science & education related topics of interest to scientist and professionals. The mission of our journals is to provide an open access forum for publishing new findings on issues pertinent to scientific and academic field. We also invite you to submit original research papers, review articles, short reports, or case studies are considered for publication in our Multidisciplinary Journals.

American Journal of Public Health Research
DOI: 10.12691/ajphr-1-1-3

The Implementation of a Tele-Homecare System with Service Oriented Architecture and HL7 Message Transmission Standard
Ching-Sung Wang

American Journal of Medical and Biological Research
DOI: 10.12691/ajmbr-1-1-2

The Influence of Ethanol on Pyruvate Kinases Activity in Vivo, in Vitro, in Silico
Lelevich Sergey Vladimirovich, Khrustalev Vladislav Victorovich, Barkovsky Eugene Victorovich, Shedogubova Tatyana Aleksandrovna

American Journal of Medical Sciences and Medicine
DOI: 10.12691/ajmsm-1-1-1

Clinical and Histological Features in Wegener Granulomatosis
Li Cavoli Gioacchino, Passantino Rita, Bono Luisa, Tortorici Calogera, Ferrantelli Angelo, Giammarresi Carlo, Rotolo Ugo

American Journal of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology
DOI: 10.12691/ajidm-1-1-2

The Curse of Lymphatic Filariasis: Would the Continual Use of Diethylcarbamazine Eliminate this Scourge in Papua New Guinea?
Anne Lanham, Lillian Mwanri

We have released issues of some journals on February 2013.
American Journal of Public Health Research
American Journal of Medical Sciences and Medicine
American Journal of Medical and Biological Research
American Journal of Pharmacological Sciences
American Journal of Clinical Medicine Research
American Journal of Nursing Research
American Journal of Cancer Prevention
American Journal of Medicine Studies
American Journal of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology
American Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research
American Journal of Biomedical Research
American Journal of Mechanical Engineering
American Journal of Microbiological Research
Journal of Preventive Medicine
American Journal of Food and Nutrition
American Journal of Hypertension Research
American Journal of Sports Science and Medicine
Journal of Cancer Research and Treatment
American Journal of Zoological Research
Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Technology
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Biomedical Science and Engineering

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The Evidence-Based TaibUVID Nutritional Treatment for Minimizing COVID-19 Fatalities and Morbidity and eradicating COVID-19 pandemic: A novel Approach for Better Outcomes (A Treatment Protocol)

Salah Mohamed El Sayed*, Hamdi H. Almaramhy, Yasmeen Talal Aljehani, Ahmed M. Okashah, Mariam E. El-Anzi, Mansour Barakah AlHarbi, Rehab El-Tahlawi, Manal Mohamed Helmy Nabo, Moutasem Salih Aboonq, Osama Hamouda, Osama Alhadramy

Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Taibah Faculty of Medicine, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia

Abstract: With the continuously expanding terrible pandemic of COVID-19 infection, globally increasing numbers of COVID-19 patients and contacts progressively jump to heavy burdens beyond capabilities. Developing and poor countries may face humanity disasters in the next few days unless urgent measures are rapidly performed. Standard anti-COVID-19 treatment should inhibit COVID-19 replication, repair virus-induced tissue damage and enhance patients' immunity. Unfortunately, such criteria are still lacking in current treatments resulting in relatively high viral infectivity, morbidity and mortality. Based on previous prophetic medicine research experience and the modern literature, we introduce TaibUVID therapy as a novel evidence-based medicinal nutritional treatment for eradicating COVID-19 pandemic. A single TaibUVID dose includes: 1 small spoonful (tea spoonful) of nigella sativa oil (or 2 gram nigella sativa seeds) mixed with 1 gram of grinded anthemis hyalina mixed with 1 large spoonful of natural honey. This mixture is to be chewed in the mouth and swallowed orally for both COVID-19 contacts and patients. We adjusted dosing regimen and period of treatment into three clinical levels including contacts or prophylaxis, mild cases and severe case (with pneumonia and ventilated patients). We also introduce novel nigella sativa oil (or nigella sativa decoction) nebulization for local treatment of pneumonia or bronchopneumonia that is faced in severe COVID-19 cases. Such nebulization exerts pulmonary tissue protection and antiviral effects particularly for ventilated patients. The wonderful report by Ulasli et al. (Ulasli et al. Mol Biol Rep. 2014; 41: 1703-11) deserves a lot of interest where nigella sativa and Anthemis hyalina (chamomile) were confirmed to inhibit corona virus replication maximally. In addition, nigella sativa enhances immunity, exerts tissue protective effects and effectively treats co-morbidities. Oral honey exerts potent antiviral effects, enhances immunity and exerts tissue protective effects. TaibUVID Plus dose includes regular TaibUVID dose plus nigella sativa decoction nebulization ± (if possible Clove oil nebulization/ anthemis hyalina decoction nebulization). Clove oil nebulization is beneficial for difficult berating in some COVID-19 cases as clove is confirmed to exert potent antiviral effects. Our suggested TaibUVID and TaibUVID Plus are promising evidence-based approach to rescue lives, decrease fatalities and put a rapid end to COVID-19 pandemic. In prophetic medicine, Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him recommended treatment using both nigella sativa and oral honey saying: " In the black cumin (nigella sativa), there is a cure for every disease except death" and said also: "Cure is in three: in shartat mihjam, gulp of honey (oral honey), and cauterization. I do not recommend my nation to cauterize".

Keywords: COVID-19, TaibUVID, nigella sativa, anthemis hyalina, oral honey and citrus sinensis

Received February 28, 2020; Revised March 29, 2020; Accepted April 06, 2020

Citation: Salah Mohamed El Sayed, Hamdi H. Almaramhy, Yasmeen Talal Aljehani, Ahmed M. Okashah, Mariam E. El-Anzi, Mansour Barakah AlHarbi, Rehab El-Tahlawi, Manal Mohamed Helmy Nabo, Moutasem Salih Aboonq, Osama Hamouda, Osama Alhadramy, The Evidence-Based TaibUVID Nutritional Treatment for Minimizing COVID-19 Fatalities and Morbidity and eradicating COVID-19 pandemic: A novel Approach for Better Outcomes (A Treatment Protocol). American Journal of Public Health Research, 8 (2). 54-60. January 2020. doi:10.12691/ajphr-8-2-3

1. Introduction

With the continuously expanding terrible pandemic of COVID-19 infection, globally increasing numbers of COVID-19 patients and contacts progressively jump to heavy burdens beyond capabilities. Developing and poor countries may face humanity disasters in the next few days unless urgent measures are rapidly performed. As worldwide health authorities and hospitals are currently overloaded, home treatment of contacts and mild COVID-19 cases may become a fact necessitating some evidence-based suggested measures in addition to some health advices. No single country is an exception away from COVID-19 infection. Revising the current treatment policies and guidelines is mandatory as hospitals capacities may be exceeded soon resulting in more threatening mortality rates.

2. COVID-19 Pandemic and Future Concerns

Unfortunately, ideal anti-COVID-19 medications are not existing so far. An ideal anti-COVID-19 medication (or a combination of agents) should be safe for such patients while conferring three basic therapeutic effects (and/or preventive health benefits): enhancing the antiviral immunity, tissue-protection (and tissue repair) and exerting potent antiviral effects. Revising the current global treatment modalities provided for COVID-19 patients and contacts clearly confirms that current COVID-19 remedies may be still far from those targets. Most available treatments are supportive rather than curative.

3. How to Protect Patients' Lives from Coronaviruses?

Natural products e.g. nigella sativa and anthemis hyalina (chamomile) proved effective in decreasing coronaviruses replication by about 92% and 100%, respectively in in-vitro cultures [1]. Natural honey is a prophetic medicine remedy with proven potent antiviral and tissue protection effects. Both nigella sativa and natural honey are prophetic medicine remedies that gain popularity and public acceptability in Saudi Arabia and worldwide. The well-documented therapeutic benefits of nigella sativa (lung protection, increasing immunity and repair of tissue damage) are urgently needed to combat COVID-19 pandemic.

Coronaviruses are members of the Coronaviridae family that are enveloped viruses that contain non-segmented, positive-stranded genomic RNA [2,3,4,5,6]. Ultrastructural analysis of Coronaviruses have revealed that they form pleomorphic particles that are roughly spherical but show variations in size (80-120 nm in diameter) and shape [7,8,9,10].

In spring 2003, a new human Coronavirus has been causing an epidemic outbreak in South East Asia and Canada [11]. At the time, the accused virus was rapidly identified as the SARS-CoV but it did not look like the human Coronaviruses. The SARS-CoV alarmed the world because it sickened more than 8,000 people and killed nearly 800 of them [12]. Recently, a novel coronavirus caused respiratory infectious disease with high mortality. The virus is called Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). This novel MERS-CoV was first reported in Saudi Arabia and eight other countries in 2012 [13]. Currently, there are no approved drugs against Coronaviruses but some potential therapies have been proposed.

4. COVID-19 Infection

The world is currently witnessing an outbreak of a new coronavirus spreading quickly across China and affecting at least 80 other countries. With almost less than half a million infection, a worldwide death toll of at least 63,000 (as of 5 April 2020), and with the potential to affect up to two-thirds of the world population, COVID-19 is considered by the World Health Organization (WHO) to be a global health emergency. The speed of spread and infectivity of COVID-19 (also known as Wuhan-2019-nCoV) are dramatically exceeding those of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). In fact, since September 2012, the WHO has been notified of 2494 laboratory-confirmed cases of infection with MERS-CoV, whereas the 2002-2003 epidemic of SARS affected 26 countries and resulted in more than 8000 cases. Therefore, although SARS-Cov, MERS-Cov, and COVID-19 are all the result of coronaviral infections, the causes of the coronaviruses differ dramatically in their transmissibility. It is likely that these differences in infectivity of coronaviruses can be attributed to the differences in the rigidity of their shells which can be evaluated using computational tools for predicting intrinsic disorder predisposition of the corresponding viral proteins [14].

5. Nigella Sativa as a Potential Safe and Effective Treatment for COVID-19

Natural products are simple, cheap, economic, available, easy to administer and effective remedies. Natural products are widely accepted by the public. Nigella sativa exhibits the rescue triad: immune stimulation, tissues (e.g. lung) protection and potent antiviral effects. Nigella sativa is a confirmed remedy in prophetic medicine. Nigella sativa can be administered as intact seeds or powder (grinded seeds). Intact seeds can be crushed in the mouth and swallowed or be added to food or juices.

Nigella sativa was reported as a strong stimulant and potentiator of the natural immunity and the immune system. Nigella sativa was reported to increase splenocyte proliferation, suppress the secretion of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and Il-6), enhance the natural killer cytotoxic activities, increase bone marrow cellularity and increase the number of white blood cells. Nigella sativa was also reported to increase the resistance against lethal infections, decrease lung pathological changes due to ovalbumin sensitization and enhance the production of INF-gamma [15].

Nigella sativa conferred lung and tracheal protection in many research studies. Nigella sativa was reported to protect against tracheal contractions induced by leukotriene B4, induce tracheal relaxant effects, exert antispasmodic and mucociliary pulmonary clearance effects, protect the lungs and trachea against harmful irritants and enhance lung protection during pulmonary aspiration. Nigella sativa was also reported to protect against lung injury in many disease conditions e.g. hyperoxia-induced lung injury, improve asthma symptoms and wheezing frequency together with improving pulmonary function tests in asthmatic patients and exert antihistaminic effects in the airways of asthma patients [15].

Nigella sativa was also reported to improve the respiratory symptoms and lung function tests in human war victims [16], improve all the parameters of respiration in asthmatic patients [17], potentiate immunotherapy in patients with allergic rhinitis [18] and decrease allergic serum parameters e.g. IgE and eosinophilic count. Nigella sativa was also reported to improve the subjective feeling in patients with allergic diseases [18].

6. Promising Antiviral Effects of Nigella Sativa

Nigella sativa was reported to exert potent antiviral effects with raising the endogenous human antiviral immunity (serum interferon) in patients having viral hepatitis C [20]. Nigella sativa was reported to decrease corona virus replication and decrease the virus load of corona viruses in virus cultures by more than 95% [1]. Nigella sativa was also reported to maintain seronegative condition in an AIDS patient [21].

7. Nigella sativa is a Safe Effective Treatment in Many Diseases in Human Patients

Nigella sativa was reported to be safe, effective, and tolerable for use in human patients having diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hyperlipidemia [22].

Nigella sativa was used in many reported and published human studies in many countries to treat different diseases e.g. uncontrolled diabetes mellitus with uncontrolled hyperlipidemia [23], insulin resistance syndrome [24], cardiac dysfunction [25], hypertension [26], rheumatoid arthritis [27], allergic rhinitis [28], helicobacter pylori infection [29] and psoriasis [30]. Nigella sativa was reported to exert many prophylactic benefits against a lot of diseases e.g. asthma [31,32]. Moreover, nigella sativa was reported to enhance memory, attention and cognition in healthy human volunteers [33].

8. Natural Honey and Its Therapeutic Benefits

Natural honey has anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. Natural honey is a confirmed remedy in prophetic medicine. It can be used as a wound dressing to promote rapid and improved healing. These effects are due to honey's anti-bacterial action and are also secondary to its high acidity, osmotic effect, anti-oxidant content and hydrogen peroxide content. The use of honey leads to improved wound healing in acute cases, pain relief in burn patients and decreased inflammatory response in such patients [34].

9. Antiviral Effects of Natural Honey

Honybee products are promising as antiviral medicinal treatments and nutrition. A recent meta-analysis reported an evidence from many trials that propolis is the best of all natural products in the treatment of herpetic skin lesions, especially those related to HSV-1 [35]. Al-Waili et al. reported the use of honey in adult patients with recurrent attacks of herpetic lesions (labial and genital) [36]. Topical treatment with honey was compared with acyclovir treatment. Honey showed better results with no side effects, over patients using acyclovir who reported itchiness [36]. The trial showed that topical honey application was effective in the management of pain and other signs and symptoms of recurrent lesions from genital and labial herpes [36]. Manuka honey efficiently inhibited influenza virus replication and exerted virucidal effects [37]. Honey was also reported to treat herpes simplex gingivostomatitis in children [38].

Clove:

Clove is confirmed to exert potent antiviral effects [39].

10. Anthemis Hyalina and Citrus Sinensis Inhibit Corona Viruses Replication

Anthemis hyalina was reported to suppress the replication of coronaviruses by 100% while citrus sinensis (sweet orange) was reported to suppress the replication of coronaviruses by less than 90% [1].

11. TaibUVID Treatment for COVID-19 and Eradicating COVID-19 Pandemic

Herein, we introduce TaibUVID and TaibUVID Plus nutritional treatment as a potential curative medicinal nutritional therapy for COVID-19 contacts and patients.

*A single TaibUVID dose includes:

1 small spoonful (tea spoonful) of nigella sativa oil (or 2 gram Nigella sativa seeds) mixed with 1 gram of grinded anthemis hyalina (one tea spoonful) and 1 large spoonful of natural honey. This mixture is to be chewed in the mouth and swallowed orally (Figure 1 - Figure 3).

Figure 1. Decoction of nigella sativa for nebulized local vapour administration to treat pneumonia

Figure 2. Anthemis hyalina (chamomile) and citrus sinensis (sweet orange) inhibit corona viruses replication

Figure 3. A single TaibUVID nutritional dose includes: 1 small spoonful (tea spoonful) of nigella sativa oil (or 2 grams nigella sativa seeds) mixed with 1 gram of grinded anthemis hyalina (chamomile) and 1 large spoonful of natural honey. This mixture is to be chewed orally

Table 1. Targeted and suggested evidence-based TaibUVID treatment for COVID-19 infections

* A single TaibUVID Plus dose includes:

Regular TaibUVID dose + Nigella sativa decoction nebulization ± (if possible Clove oil nebulization/ anthemis hyalina decoction nebulization).

Nigella sativa nebulization exerts pulmonary tissue protection and antiviral effects particularly for ventilated patients.

- 1 cup of natural orange juice or lemon juice 4 times daily (orally or through nasogastric tube) is recommended to be given to all COVID-19 patients.

How to prepare nebulized nigella sativa decoction vapor? And how to prepare anthemis hyalina decoction vapor?

* Nigella sativa decoction vapor: 4-6 grams of nigella sativa seeds are boiled in water and the resultant hot water (200-300 ml) is cooled up. Then, nigella sativa decoction water is filtered in a complete aseptic medical environment to remove the seeds. Then, nigella sativa decoction water is nebulized via a nebulizer and the vapor is given to patients through a face mask (to repair the damage in lungs tissue, protect remaining healthy lungs tissue and improve the lungs condition and the respiratory functions). This is also done in case of breathing difficulty. (Figure 1).

* Anthemis hyalina decoction vapor: is prepared in the same way.

- Nebulized clove oil vapor inhalation in case of breathing difficulty.

12. COVID-19 Treatment Objectives Using the Nutritional Therapy (TaibUVID and TaibUVID Plus)

• 1. To eradicate COVID-19 from Al-Madinah city, Saudi Arabia and globally

2. To save human lives and minimize mortality.

3. To potentiate currently given medication (TaibUVID is a nutritional treatment that does not replace current COVID-19 treatments).

4. To ensure COVID-19 eradication using national resources (natural evidence-based safe nutritional items available in all cities of Saudi Arabia) and globally.

5. To make use of therapeutic benefits of TaibUVID and TaibUVID plus in COVID-19 patients.

6. To make use of the antioxidant effects of TaibUVID and TaibUVID plus in COVID-19 patients.

7. To make use of the immune potentiating effects of TaibUVID and TaibUVID plus in COVID-19 patients.

8. To publish strong research studies.

9. To minimize the needed period for eradicating COVID-19.

13. Treatment Protocol Using TaibUVID

N.B. Serum and blood samples are taken before treatment and every day (or every other day) till cure God willing (in shaa Allah).

-2 ml serum from every patient (before treatment, every 2 days and after finishing treatment) should be kept in eppendorf tubes in -30C for future laboratory analysis.

14. Treatment Guidelines for COVID-19 Patients and Contacts

***Level I measures: (For prophylaxis and contacts):

One TaibUVID dose (once or twice daily till the end of COVID-19 pandemic).

--One cup of natural orange juice with regular diets.

*** Level II measures: For confirmed patients (mild cases):

One TaibUVID dose (2-4 times daily for a week).

--One cup of natural orange juice with regular diets.

*** Level III measures: For moderate to severe cases (with pneumonia), comatose patients and ventilated patients:

-Add sweet oranges (or fresh orange juice) to regular diets in all the three stages of level III measures.

IIIA- If patient can swallow: Patient needs TaibUVID plus.

-One TaibUVID dose (5-6 times daily for 1-2 weeks).

- Nigella sativa decoction nebulization ± Clove oil/ anthemis hyaline decoction nebulization (6 times daily).

IIIB: If patient cannot swallow, drowsy, comatosed or ventilated: Patient needs TaibUVID plus.

-Dissolve one TaibUVID dose in 200 ml water. Give orally using a nasogastric tube 5-6 times daily for 1-2 weeks).

- Nigella sativa decoction nebulization ± Clove oil/ anthemis hyaline decoction nebulization (6 times daily).

IIIC. For patients having pneumonia or bronchopneumonia or ventilated patients: Give treatment as IIIA or IIIB (one TaibUVID dose in 200 ml water if patient cannot chew). Give orally using a nasogastric tube 5-6 times daily for 1-2 weeks).

- Nigella sativa decoction nebulization ± Clove oil/ anthemis hyaline decoction nebulization (6 times daily).

N.B. If nebulized nigella sativa decoction cannot be prepared, nigella sativa oil can be used for nebulization.

Prophetic Medicine Bases of TaibUVID Treatment:

Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him strongly recommended treatment using the black cumin (nigella sativa) in the prophetic hadeeth: "In the black cumin (nigella sativa), there is a cure for every disease except death". Al-bukhari MI. The English Translation of Sahih Al Bukhari. Book of medicine (book no.76). Chapter of (The black cumin). Hadeeth numbers 5688. Assryia library; Sayda, Lebanon: 2002.

• In another prophetic hadith (saying), Ibn Abbas (may God be pleased with him) narrated that Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him strongly recommended treatment using oral honey in the prophetic hadeeth:" Cure is in three: in shartat mihjam, gulp of honey (oral honey), and cauterization. I do not recommend my nation to cauterize ". Narrated by Al-bukhari in (76) Book of Medicine. Chapter of Cure is in three. Number (5680-5681)

15. Patients follow-up:

N.B. Patients evaluation should be done twice weekly.

I. Clinical evaluation:

on daily basis (to assess the clinical improvement of symptoms, especially respiratory condition and the response to treatment)

II. Laboratory evaluation:

1) Determining virus count (load) and activity:

• RT-PCR for determining virus load in serum and respiratory (nasal or pharyngeal swabs).

• Repeating nasal swab for detecting PCR seroconversion.

2) Evaluating organ functions and extent of tissue damage or repair:

• Respiratory function tests and chest X-ray and chest CT or MRI.

• Kidney function tests

• Liver function test.

3) Evaluating COVID-19 cytokines storm and inflammatory activity:

• Serum CRP, serum Il-1, Il-2, Il-6, TNF-α and TGF-β

4) Evaluating immunity against COVID-19:

• Serum interferon-gamma

• Immunity markers (complete blood count for counting WBCs, lymphocytes and neutrophils)

• CD4 lymphocytes (T-helper cells) and CD8 lymphocytes (T-cytotoxic cells).

5) Evaluating antioxidant tissue protection vs COVID-19-induced tissue damage:

• Oxidative stress and tissue-damage markers (e.g. serum malondialdehyde and H₂O₂).

• Antioxidant tissue protection e.g. serum glutathione peroxidase, catalase and total antioxidant capacity).

Expected results after TaibUVID/ TaibUVID Plus nutritional treatment:

TaibUVID treatment results in:

• Rapid seroconversion from positive to negative in COVID-19 cases

• Decreased morbidity and mortality.

• Tissue protection and rapid recovery

• Increased immune potentiation (raised WBCs, CD4 lymphocytes, CD8 lymphocytes and Interferon-gamma).

• Decreased anemia and physiological leucocytosis

• Decreased oxidative stress and tissue-damage markers (decreased malondialdehyde, increased glutathione peroxidase, increased catalase and increased total antioxidant capacity).

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