Science and Education Publishing American Journal of Public Health Research 2327-6703 4 6 2017 1 6 Ownership and Use of Insecticide Treated Nets in Selected Rural Communities of Oyo State, Nigeria: Implication for Policy Action 222 229 EN Ajibola Idowu Departmnet of Community Medicine, Bowen University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria Gbenga Omotade Popoola Babatunde Akintunde Samuel Aaanu Olowookere Samson Ayo Deji AJPHR2016465 10.12691/ajphr-4-6-5 2016 8 23 2016 11 18 2017 1 4 Introduction: Insecticide Treated Net (ITN) coverage and use remain low in Sub-Sahara Africa. The study assessed factors associated with ITN use in the rural settings of Nigeria. Methodology: Descriptive epidemiological design was employed and multi-stage sampling technique used to select 381 consenting participants in four rural communities of Oyo State, Nigeria. Interviewer-administered, semi-structured questionnaire was used for data collection and analyses done using SPSS; bi-variate analyses were done using chi-square test and binary-logistic regression was used to identify factors that were significantly associated with ITN use. Level of statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Result: The mean age of the respondents was 30±8 years. While 90.1% of the participants possessed ITNs, only 69.3% of them slept under the nets a night before the survey. Respondents who were less than 19 years of age had significantly lesser odds of ITN use compared to older women ((OR; 0.87, CI; 0.82-0.93). Also, women with no formal education had significantly lesser odds of ITN use compared to those with tertiary education (OR; 0.14, CI; 0.02-0.73). Respondents whose households' monthly income was more than $64 had significantly higher odds of ITN use compared to households earning less (OR; 6.94, CI; 2.76-17.42). Pregnant women were ten times more likely to use ITN compared to non-pregnant participants (OR; 9.84, CI; 1.03-93.88). Conclusion: There is urgent need for more awareness creation on benefits of ITN use particularly among teenage mothers in Nigeria.