eng Science and Education Publishing American Journal of Nursing Research 2378-5586 2020-02-03 8 2 192 198 10.12691/ajnr-8-2-8 AJNR2020828 article Hayat Mohamed Abd Elkader 1 Eman SM Shahin emanshaheen@yahoo.com 2 Amal Bakr Abo El-Ata 2 Lecturer in Medical Surgical Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt 2Assistant Professor in Medical Surgical Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt Background: Arterial blood puncture is one of the most complex parts of nursing practice. Purpose: Evaluate effect of applying program based learning on nurse's performance and self-efficacy regarding arterial blood puncture. Method: Quasi experimental research design has been utilized in this study. This study was conducted at four hospitals affiliated to ministry of health. A convenient sample of 70 nurses was included. Three tools were utilized for collecting data; first tool was a questionnaire to assess nurses' knowledge regarding arterial blood puncture. Second tool was observational checklist of arterial blood puncture procedure. The last one was arterial blood puncture self-efficacy scale. Results: the study results revealed improvement in nurses' knowledge and practice regarding arterial blood puncture after applying the program based learning. A significant difference was founded between levels of nurses' self-efficacy about arterial puncture after program implementation with p-value of 0.000. While, hospitals where nurses working are associated significantly with total self-efficacy of nurses regarding arterial blood puncture. Conclusion: the current study concluded that the program based learning about arterial puncture improves nurses' knowledge, practice and self-efficacy. Additionally, regular training program regarding arterial blood puncture should be applied in hospitals. Conducting the same study in larger sample is recommended. http://pubs.sciepub.com/ajnr/8/2/8/ajnr-8-2-8.pdf : Arterial blood puncture nurse performance self-efficacy