@article{ajnr2019712,
author={Ahmad, Intessar Mohamed},
title={Comparison between Effect of Using Cold Water Oral Swap and Cold Saline Oral Swab to Relieve Thirst Intensity and Oral Condition of Mechanically Ventilated Patient},
journal={American Journal of Nursing Research},
volume={7},
number={1},
pages={8--13},
year={2019},
url={http://pubs.sciepub.com/ajnr/7/1/2},
issn={2378-5586},
abstract={Introduction: Thirst can be defined as a longing or desire to drink water, not necessarily generated by a physiological need, but also triggered by habit, taste, dry mouth or throat and the willing to consume fluids that provide a sensation of heating or cooling. In intensive care units, patients face conditions that predispose them to develop the symptom thirst. Like pain, thirst must be detected before it can be treated. Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to compare between effect of using cold water oral swap and cold saline oral swab to relieve thirst intensity and oral condition among mechanically ventilated patient. Material and method: Research design: A quasi ¨C experimental design was utilized to study the effect of using oral swap with cold water and oral swab with cold saline on thirst relief and oral condition. Setting: This study was conducted at the general ICU of Damanhour Medical Institute having 15 beds. Sample: convenient sample of 60 mechanically ventilated patients were recruited in the current. Instrument: an assessment sheet was used to collect data including the following three tools: 1- Demographic and biomedical data tool which includes age, gender and variables relevant to disease as patient's diagnosis, date of admission, length of stay and days mechanically ventilated on the study. 2- Thirst intensity scale: it is a visual analogue scale (VAS) rates intensity of thirst on a 10-cm with 0 indicating no thirst at all, and 10 indicating the worst possible thirst. The VAS scores were classified into: mild (0-3), moderate (4-6) and severe (7-10). In addition, it includes the presence of thirst (yes/No). 3- Oral condition assessment tool: it measures change of oral condition including lips, mucosa, tongue and saliva. It includes items which scored on a 3- point scale from 1to 3. Lip has 1 if it is smooth, pink and moist, 2 if it is dry or cracked and 3 if it is ulcerated. As regards tongue has 1 if it is pink and papillae present 2 if it has loss of papillae and 3 if it is blistered or cracked. In relation to mucosa has 1 if it is pink & moist, 2 if it is red or white coated 3 if it is ulcerated with or without bleeding. Regarding saliva has 1 if it is watery, 2 if it is thick and 3 if it is absent. Method:- The patient received either the intervention cold saline oral swap or cold water oral swap according to randomization done by the researcher by a code drawn from an envelope. The first group received thirst relieving intervention using cold water oral swap. The procedure was done for 15 ¨Cminute sessions 3 times per day. There was a minimum of 30 minutes between each of the three sessions. The second group received thirst relieving intervention using cold saline oral swap. Also, this procedure was done during 15 minutes per session for 3 times a day and there was a minimum of 30 minutes between each of the three sessions. Before application of each method the patient asked about presence of thirst if the answer was yes, thirst intensity (TI) score was measured and oral assessment including lips, tongue, mucosa and saliva was done as a baseline then the patient received relieving method for 15 minutes, after 30 minutes of the first intervention the patient reassessed for TI and oral condition before and after the second and third interventions. Results: The mean values of thirst intensity score decreased significantly when cold saline oral swap was used (p=0.004) and it was lower than its values when cold water oral swap was used. Moreover, there was significant difference between 2 groups as p1=0.001. As regard to condition of lips, tongue, mucosa and saliva there was no significant difference between two groups pre- procedures as p1=0.458, 0.195, 0.577and 0.119 respectively. Also, this table shows that using cold saline oral swap improve oral condition as mean values of lips, tongue , mucosa and production of saliva decreased significantly. Moreover, there were significant differences between the 2 groups in relation to oral condition including lips, tongue, mucosa and saliva while p =0.001, 0.001, 0.002, 0.004 respectively. Conclusion: It can be concluded from the present study that using cold water oral swap decrease thirst intensity but, using cold saline oral swap to decrease thirst is better than using cold water oral swap and improve oral condition in mechanically ventilated patient. Repetition of using both methods did not have different effect on thirst and oral condition except mucosa and production of saliva when cold water oral swap used as they become drier.},
doi={10.12691/ajnr-7-1-2}
publisher={Science and Education Publishing}
}