Science and Education Publishing American Journal of Medical Sciences and Medicine 2327-6657 4 4 2016 10 9 Low Paraoxonase 1 Activity in Diabetes Mellitus as Predictors of Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy and Macular Edema 77 81 EN Narin NASIROGLU IMGA Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital Department of Endocrinology, Ankara, Turkey Hilal BITEN Zeliha YAZAR Mehmet ONEN Canan TOPCUOGLU Serhat HAYME Dilek BERKER Serdar GULER AJMSM2016442 10.12691/ajmsm-4-4-2 2016 6 4 2016 9 17 2016 10 7 Purpose: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a frequent complication of DM (Diabetes Mellitus) and a leading cause of visual impairments. Serum paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is an antioxidant enzyme that has antiatherogenic properties and plays a role in inhibiting the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL). We investigate the levels of serum PON1 activity and low-grade inflammatory markers in patients with proliferative DR (PDR) or nonproliferative DR (NPDR); and with or without diabetic macular edema (DME). Methods: We evaluated 91 DM patients and 40 controls. Serum PON1 activity, HbA1c, lipid profile, hsCRP, homocysteine (Hcy), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) levels were compared between patients without DR, with DR and control groups. Patients with DR were evaluated according to PDR or NPDR and the presence of macular edema or not. Results: Patients with DR and without DR, the HbA1c, LDL, NLR, Hcy, hsCRP levels were found significantly higher than controls, while serum PON1 activity was not differ. Serum PON1 activity was found significantly lower in patients with PDR and DME. Conclusion: We found serum PON1 activity was significantly lower in PDR and DME patients. Low PON1 activity may be a risk factor for PDR and DME and can be useful for further evaluation.