eng Science and Education Publishing American Journal of Microbiological Research 2328-4137 2021-10-12 9 4 103 106 10.12691/ajmr-9-4-1 AJMR2021941 article Mahendra Pal palmahendra2@gmail.com 1 Kirubel Paulos Gutama 2 Narayan Consultancy on Veterinary Public Health and Microbiology, Anand, India Adaba Woreda Livestock and Fishery Resource Development Office, West Arsi, Ethiopia The search for vaccines has been a high priority since the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic was declared. Currently, mRNA-based vaccines, adenovirus-based vaccines, inactivated virus vaccines, and other vaccine platforms are all employed to combat the SARS-CoV-2 virus. BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 are mRNA-based vaccines. The vaccination appears to be effective against SARS-CoV-2 strains that have emerged since the first study. They have primarily minor side effects, and there are no major safety concerns. Adenovirus-based vaccines are delivered by genetic cargo that is based on non-replicating adenovirus vectors that can increase immune response without the need of adjuvants. This is the case for Ad26.CoV2.S, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/AZD1222, Gam-COVID-Vac/Sputnik V andAd5-based COVID-19 vaccine. There have been no known incidences of allergy to adenovirus vaccines, unlike mRNA vaccines. Inactivated virus vaccines are a common form of vaccine that has been used for decades. The goal is to render the virus non-infectious while preserving immunogenicity with high-quality antigens in order to trigger an immune response. The researched formaldehyde-inactivated whole-virus SARS-CoV2 vaccine (CoronaVac), as well as WIV04 and HB02, utilize this sort of vaccine formulation. A recombinant protein nanoparticle vaccine named NVX-CoV2373 is made up of trimeric spike glycoproteins with a potent Matrix-M1 adjuvant. Against the variant B.1.1.7 (Alpha), the vaccine appeared to be very effective. Vaccine efficacy against the B.1.351 (Beta) strain, on the other hand, proved to be lower. http://pubs.sciepub.com/ajmr/9/4/1/ajmr-9-4-1.pdf COVID-19 efficacy immune response safety vaccines