@article{ajmcr2020837,
author={{Olatinwo, Omotayo and Devarapalli, Yugandhara and Smith, M.D Gary},
title={A Unique Clinical Presentation of an Emerging Invasive Fungal Infection in a Hospitalized Patient: the Lessons Learned},
journal={American Journal of Medical Case Reports},
volume={8},
number={3},
pages={91--97},
year={2020},
url={http://pubs.sciepub.com/ajmcr/8/3/7},
issn={2374-216X},
abstract={Invasive <i>Saccharomyces</i><i> </i><i>cerevisiae</i><i> </i><i>infection</i> is a rare and emerging fungal infection. The emergence of this invasive infection is due to the increased use of <i>Saccharomyces</i><i> </i><i>boulardii</i> probiotics. <i>Saccharomyces</i><i> </i><i>boulardii</i> probiotics are biotherapeutic agents used for the prevention and treatment of various diarrheal diseases. The benefits of these probiotics are well established; however, its associated infectious complications seem underestimated, especially in at-risk patients. Like other rare invasive yeast infections, invasive Saccharomyces infection has a high mortality rate. A 67-year-old man with multiple medical comorbidities and a complicated hospital course received <i>Saccharomyces</i><i> </i><i>boulardii</i> probiotics via percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube for 22 days for <i>Clostridium</i><i> </i><i>difficile</i> prophylaxis treatment. We diagnosed him with invasive <i>Saccharomyces</i><i> </i><i>cerevisiae</i> fungemia resulting from <i>Saccharomyces</i><i> </i><i>cerevisiae</i> peritonitis. He developed multiple organ failure and shock, which led to his death 27 days after his first dose of <i>Saccharomyces</i><i> </i><i>boulardii</i> probiotics. To the best of our knowledge, we report the first case of invasive <i>Saccharomyces</i><i> </i><i>cerevisiae</i> fungemia due to <i>Saccharomyces</i><i> </i><i>cerevisiae</i> peritonitis caused by the combination of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube placement and PEG tube administration of <i>Saccharomyces</i><i> </i><i>boulardii</i> probiotics in an at-risk hospitalized patient. Our goals for reporting this case are to heighten the index of clinical suspicion of invasive <i>Saccharomyces</i> fungemia, discuss the lessons we learned, and revisit the literature on the management of invasive <i>Saccharomyces</i> infection in at-risk hospitalized patients.},
doi={10.12691/ajmcr-8-3-7}
publisher={Science and Education Publishing}
}