Dear Label_Name,

Greetings! I hope you are well.

I am writing on behalf of an international publishing house, Science and Education Publishing, USA (http://www.sciepub.com).

Science and Education Publishing (SciEP) is a multidisciplinary open access publisher of Journals covering the fields of Science, Technology and Medicine. All SciEP publications are subject to high-quality peer review, editorial and production processes and are freely available online.

Welcome to the April, 2013 edition of SciEP newsletter, providing monthly summaries of articles on science & education related topics of interest to scientist and professionals. The mission of our journals is to provide an open access forum for publishing new findings on issues pertinent to scientific and academic field. We also invite you to submit original research papers, review articles, short reports, or case studies are considered for publication in our Multidisciplinary Journals.

American Journal of Public Health Research
DOI: 10.12691/ajphr-1-1-3

The Implementation of a Tele-Homecare System with Service Oriented Architecture and HL7 Message Transmission Standard
Ching-Sung Wang

American Journal of Medical and Biological Research
DOI: 10.12691/ajmbr-1-1-2

The Influence of Ethanol on Pyruvate Kinases Activity in Vivo, in Vitro, in Silico
Lelevich Sergey Vladimirovich, Khrustalev Vladislav Victorovich, Barkovsky Eugene Victorovich, Shedogubova Tatyana Aleksandrovna

American Journal of Medical Sciences and Medicine
DOI: 10.12691/ajmsm-1-1-1

Clinical and Histological Features in Wegener Granulomatosis
Li Cavoli Gioacchino, Passantino Rita, Bono Luisa, Tortorici Calogera, Ferrantelli Angelo, Giammarresi Carlo, Rotolo Ugo

American Journal of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology
DOI: 10.12691/ajidm-1-1-2

The Curse of Lymphatic Filariasis: Would the Continual Use of Diethylcarbamazine Eliminate this Scourge in Papua New Guinea?
Anne Lanham, Lillian Mwanri

We have released issues of some journals on February 2013.
American Journal of Public Health Research
American Journal of Medical Sciences and Medicine
American Journal of Medical and Biological Research
American Journal of Pharmacological Sciences
American Journal of Clinical Medicine Research
American Journal of Nursing Research
American Journal of Cancer Prevention
American Journal of Medicine Studies
American Journal of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology
American Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research
American Journal of Biomedical Research
American Journal of Mechanical Engineering
American Journal of Microbiological Research
Journal of Preventive Medicine
American Journal of Food and Nutrition
American Journal of Hypertension Research
American Journal of Sports Science and Medicine
Journal of Cancer Research and Treatment
American Journal of Zoological Research
Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Technology
American Journal of Microbiological Research
Biomedical Science and Engineering

We are pleased to announce that submissions are now being accepted for peer review for all the journals across all our subject areas in SciEP.

Please submit your manuscript via our online submission system:
http://www.sciepub.com/author/signin

To unsubscribe from our mailing list, please click on the following link: unsubscribe

I am looking forward to hearing from you.

Kind regards,

David Rain
Email:join@sciepub.com
Science and Education Publishing (http://www.sciepub.com)

Brain Mapping Assisted Motor Strip Lesions Excision: Series of 3 Cases

Sharad Samson Rajmani*, Ahmed Al Azri, Neeraj Salhotra, Samit Biniwale, Bashar Al Tunbi, Faraz Qayyum Khan

Department of Neurosurgery, Khoula Hospital Muscat Oman

Abstract: The excision of lesions around motor strip amounts to profound morbidity in term of neurodeficit in postoperative period. Use of navigation and motor strip mapping, connectome study preoperatively for better surgical outcome are useful tools to minimize the neurodeficit specially in patients who are not a candidate for the awake craniotomy. We present our three patients who underwent brain mapping in the excision and gave good postoperative outcome.

Keywords: brain mapping

Received July 23, 2019; Revised August 26, 2019; Accepted September 10, 2019

Citation: Sharad Samson Rajmani, Ahmed Al Azri, Neeraj Salhotra, Samit Biniwale, Bashar Al Tunbi, Faraz Qayyum Khan, Brain Mapping Assisted Motor Strip Lesions Excision: Series of 3 Cases. American Journal of Medical Case Reports, 7 (11). 301-304. January 2019. doi:10.12691/ajmcr-7-11-10

1. Introduction

Brain mapping takes many forms, but maps of all types can be categorized as either structural or functional in nature. Structural mapping reveals aspects of the neural hardware, that is, the anatomical connectivity linking one part of the brain to another part and the principles that apply to the way in which these linkages are ordered. Methods for this type of mapping almost always consist of electrical stimulation of neurons and pathways. The measured output variable may take several different forms, including intracellular potentials, field potentials reflecting underlying synaptic inputs to an area of the brain, extracellularly recorded unit potentials, or electromyographic (EMG) activity. The distinguishing factor in structural mapping is that a part of the system is stimulated electrically or magnetically, and a response, usually in the form of some type of electrical activity, is recorded from another part of the neural circuit.

Unlike structural methods of brain mapping, functional mapping, as the name implies, reveals the spatial representation within the brain of some natural parameter such as touch receptors on the body surface, movement of a body part, the frequency of an auditory stimulus, or the location of a light stimulus in the visual field. Functional mapping involves the orderly localization of natural stimuli or movements to examine organization within a particular brain region.

In our series all three patients underwent structural brain mapping and gave an excellent post-op outcome.

2. Material and Methods

We admitted three patients. in last 6 months 3 patients as per Table 1. Age ranged from 28 yrs to 49 yrs. All were male patients. Presentation ranged from headache, seizures to opposite sides weakness. All patients underwent CT brain followed by MRI brain with spectroscopy sequences. Two patients revealed right sided motor/perimotor strip lesions and one patient had left sided parietal lesion at motor strip. All patients were thoroughly counselled for all risks and benefits of surgery. Once they agreed all were subjected to navigation guided and brain mapping assisted lesion excision.

3. Results

All patients underwent navigation guided craniotomy and after Dural opening the brain mapping was done by applying the electrodes on brain surface and marking of the eloquent areas say hand, leg etc and numbering them. After confirming the areas microsurgical excision of the lesion was done causing minimal handling and damage to the motor strip.

Postoperative period was uneventful. After suture removal once wound healed patient were sent to radiation/medical oncology for further treatment as per histopathology. No increased deficit was noticed after surgery in these patients.

Figure 1. Shows the pre and post operative CT/MRI images of patient with right parietal Glioma

Figure 2. Shows the images of patient with left parietal metastasis

Figure 3. Shows images of the patient with right parietal Glioblastoma

Table 1. List of patients

Figure 4. Intraoperative brain mapping of eloquent areas 1 face area, 2 hand area, 3&4 arm and shoulder area

Figure 5. Intraoperative brain mapping of eloquent areas.

4. Discussion

Sagar S etal in 2018 gave a overview of the functional brain mapping to minimize postoperstive deficit [1]. Sobotoka SB in 2002 studied the comparison of preoperative PET images and on table image guided surgery with brain mapping and concluded later to be better [2]. Steimier R also in 2002 studied functional images use versus intraoperative brain mapping in low grade gliomas around speech area [3]. Fuji M in 2009 studied interaoperative MRI as a tool to minimize eloquent areas damage in surgery [4]. Yordanova Y N in 2011 studied awake surgery to minimize the postoperative deficit in left sided lesions excision and discussed the term supratotal resection [5]. Duffau H in 2009 studied the functional outcome in 24 patients who underwent brain mapping assisted eloquent cortex lesion excision [6]. Hart MG studied the feasibility of connectomes study in the patient for a better surgical planning and a good surgical outcome [7].

5. Conclusion

Brain mapping along with navigation is another option for patients not willing or unsuitable for awake craniotomy. And if done properly will give minimal additional deficit to patients with motor area neoplasms. Our patients underwent brain mapping assisted excision of lesions and had no additional neurodeficit asserting the benefits of intraoperative brain mapping.

Hence all the tools discussed above are towards a better post-op outcome minimizing the perioperative morbidities

References

[1]   | Sagar S, Rick J, Chandra A, Yagnik G, Aghi MK. Review article Sagar S, et al. Neurosurg Rev. 2018. Functional brain mapping: overview of techniques and their application to neurosurgery.
[2]   | Sobottka SB, et al. Comput Aided Surg. 2002. Comparison of functional brain PET images and intraoperative brain-mapping data using image-guided surgery.
[3]   | Steinmeier R, Sobottka SB, Reiss G, Bredow J, Gerber J, Schackert G. Onkologie. 2002. Surgery of low-grade gliomas near speech-eloquent regions: brain mapping versus preoperative functional imaging. Dec; 25(6): 552-7.
[4]   | Fujii M, Wakabayashi T. Image-guided neurosurgery using intraoperative MRI. Review article Fujii M, et al. Brain Nerve. 2009.
[5]   | Yordanova YN, Moritz-Gasser S, Duffau H. Awake surgery for WHO Grade II gliomas within "noneloquent" areas in the left dominant hemisphere: toward a "supratotal" resection. Clinical article. Yordanova YN, et al. J Neurosurg. 2011.
[6]   | Duffau H1, Moritz-Gasser S, Gatignol P. Functional outcome after language mapping for insular World Health Organization Grade II gliomas in the dominant hemisphere: experience with 24 patients. Duffau H, et al. Neurosurg Focus. 2009.
[7]   | Hart MG, Price SJ, Suckling J, Br J Neurosurg. Connectome analysis for pre-operative brain mapping in neurosurgery. 2016 Oct; 30(5): 506-17. Epub 2016 Jul 22.