eng Science and Education Publishing American Journal of Medical Case Reports 2374-216X 2016-05-04 4 5 150 152 10.12691/ajmcr-4-5-1 AJMCR2016451 article Modupeola O. Samalia 1 Tara Chang 2 M. Ruhul Quddus mquddus@wihri.org 3 C. James Sung 3 Katrine Hansen 3 W. Dwayne Lawrence 3 Department of Pathology & Morbid Anatomy, Ahmadu Bello University & Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Nigeria Middle Tennessee Medical Center, Murfreesboro, TN Department of Pathology, Women & Infants Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA Mullerian Adenosarcoma (MA) is most commonly encountered in postmenopausal females in the sixth decade of life. We present the case of a 21-year old female with a high BMI and a clinical presentation suggestive of polycystic ovarian disease; she presented with abnormal vaginal bleeding. A laparoscopy/hysteroscopy by her primary physician demonstrated an intracavitary and submucosal appearing mass which was clinically considered to be a polypoid submucosal leiomyoma. The patient underwent endometrial curettage. The specimen was comprised of multiple fragments of soft tan-red haemorrhagic tissues aggregating to 6.5 x 4.0 x 0.6 cm. An original diagnosis of endometrial stromal nodule was made on this material; however, on consultative review the diagnosis was changed to a mullerian adenosarcoma. No stromal overgrowth or heterologous differentiation was identified. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated stromal cells were positive for oestrogen receptor (ER) and CD10. We emphasize the young age of this patient with a mullerian adenosarcoma as well as the pitfall of making a specific diagnosis of endometrial stromal neoplasms based on an endometrial curettage. http://pubs.sciepub.com/ajmcr/4/5/1/ajmcr-4-5-1.pdf Mullerian Adenosarcoma endometrial stromal nodule submucosal mass endometrial curettage young patient diagnostic pitfall