eng Science and Education Publishing American Journal of Medical Case Reports 2374-216X 2016-11-01 4 10 339 342 10.12691/ajmcr-4-10-3 AJMCR20164103 article Imene Boukhris imen.boukhris@laposte.net 1 Hana Zoubaidi 1 Ines Kechaou 1 Eya Cherif 1 Nadia Znaidi 2 Aicha Ben Miled 3 Narjes Khalfallah 3 Internal Medicine Department, University hospital of Charles Nicolle, Tunis, Tunisia Department of Diagnostic Pathology, University hospital of Charles Nicolle, Tunis, Tunisia Department of Radiology, University hospital of Charles Nicolle, Tunis, Tunisia Castleman disease (CD) is an uncommon lymphoproliferative disorder occurring mostly in patients presenting with mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Predominant phenotypes are categorized as localized hyaline vascular or multicentric plasma cell variants. Localized form of CD is usually asymptomatic and rarely associated with deep venous thrombosis. We report an exceptional case of mediastinal CD, which presented as retrosternal chest pain, in a 42-year old man. Imaging and pathological examination showed an atypical, mixed and localized form of CD. Thoracic CT scan revealed brachiocephalic vein thrombosis. Investigations didn't reveal other risk factors for deep venous thrombosis. Deep venous thrombosis is an exceptional complication of localized variants of CD. Therefore, it seems worth looking carefully for this last type of benign lymphopathy when an unusual thrombosis is found. http://pubs.sciepub.com/ajmcr/4/10/3/ajmcr-4-10-3.pdf castleman disease venous thrombosis lymphadenopathy