Science and Education Publishing American Journal of Medical Case Reports 2374-216X 3 7 2015 06 02 Infective Endocarditis Caused by Abiotrophia Defectiva: A Case Report 187 190 EN Y. Kadri MD M. Hassine MD Cardiology A Department, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Cardiothrombosis Research Laboratory, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia C. Echahed MD C. Chaouch MD M.Boussaada MD H. Ben Abdallah MD N. Boujaafer MD H. Gamra MD M. Mastouri MD AJMCR2015371 10.12691/ajmcr-3-7-1 2015 04 27 2015 05 14 2015 06 02 Although relatively rare, infective endocarditis (IE) remains a severe disease that is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality especially in case of endocarditis caused by virulent microorganisms on valves in the left side. Appropriate antibiotic therapy is the most important component in the treatment of patients with IE. We report the case of a 67 year-old woman who was admitted for a native left sided IE. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) showed mitral valve vegetation with a moderate mitral regurgitation. Hemocultures were promptly positive but the identification of the germ needed an automated phenotypic system that isolated Abiotrophia defectiva, which is an exceptional entity. Despite the initiation of an appropriate antibiotic therapy, the patient experienced embolic episodes that prompted the decision for a surgical treatment.