Science and Education Publishing American Journal of Medical Case Reports 2 4 2014 05 07 Chondroblastoma of the Lower Thoracic Spine. A Case Report and Review of the Literature 78 81 EN Walid Osman Afif Zaoui Soumaya Ben Abdelkrim Department of Pathology, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia Riadh Ben Hamida Mohamed Ben Ayèche AJMCR2014242 10.12691/ajmcr-2-4-2 2014 04 24 2014 05 07 2014 05 07 Background: Chondroblastoma of the spine is a very rare condition. To the best of our knowledge, fewer than 30 cases have been reported in the world literature. Material and methods: The authors describe here a rare spinal localization with an uncommon evolution and make a review of the cases of spinal chondroblastoma reported in the literature. Results: We report the case of a patient with chronic back pain and progressive weakness of both lower limbs. Computed tomography scan showed a mass infiltrating the twelfth thoracic vertebra and adjacent structures. The patient underwent surgery and subtotal removal was achieved while a posterior stabilization was performed. Pathological examination revealed a chondroblastoma. During follow-up, MRI examination revealed that the tumor had locally relapsed; nevertheless, the patient was asymptomatic for 13 years after operation. Conclusion: Spinal chondroblastoma has an aggressive behavior with high recurrence and mortality rates.