eng Science and Education Publishing American Journal of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology 2328-4064 2017-06-15 5 3 106 108 10.12691/ajidm-5-3-2 AJIDM2017532 article Vinay Acharya 1 Jose A Perez Jr vacharya@houstonmethodist.org 2 3 4 Internal Medicine Residency Program, Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, USA Professor of Clinical Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine Acute Suppurative Thyroiditis (AST), an infection of the thyroid caused by bacteria, fungi, or parasites, is a unique cause of thyroid disease. While the causative agents are usually gram-positive skin flora, cases due to atypical bacteria or fungi have been seen in susceptible patient populations. In adults, AST is usually attributed to trauma, fine needle aspiration of the thyroid, or an immunocompromised state usually due to organ transplant, HIV infection, or uncontrolled diabetes. If untreated, the morbidity and mortality of AST is high. We describe a case of AST in a patient whose only risk factor was uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus where the presumed causative agent was extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing E. coli, an exceedingly rare cause of AST. We discuss the commonly reported etiologies, risk factors, and hormonal dysfunction of this rare condition. http://pubs.sciepub.com/ajidm/5/3/2/ajidm-5-3-2.pdf acute suppurative thyroiditis extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing E coli type 2 diabetes mellitus