@article{ajidm20221041,
author={{Siddig, Loai A and Hamid, Omnia M and Elhadi, Nasreldin and Bayoumi, Magdi A},
title={Prevalence and Antimicrobial Profile of Colonized ?Enterococcus Species Isolated from Hospitalized and Non-hospitalized Patients, Khartoum, Sudan},
journal={American Journal of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology},
volume={10},
number={4},
pages={119--125},
year={2022},
url={http://pubs.sciepub.com/ajidm/10/4/1},
issn={2328-4064},
abstract={<i><b>Objective:</b></i> in this study, we evaluate the prevalence, antimicrobial profiles, and vancomycin resistance (<i>van</i>) genotype ?of fecal Enterococcus isolates from hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients in Khartoum locality hospitals, Sudan. ?<i><b>Methodology:</b></i> This is a cross-sectional study, conducted between Oct 2018 and March 2020 at four tertiary hospitals in the ?Khartoum locality. A total number of 588 fecal samples were collected and processed using microbiological culture media ?? (Bile Esculin agar), gram stain, and gram-positive biochemical set tests to identify Enterococci species. Antibiogram of ?Enterococci strains was performed, and the disk diffusion method of Kirby-Bauer has been used with the broth microdilution? method for vancomycin ?minimum inhibitory concentration. A multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay was used to provide simultaneous identification at ?the species level and detection of vancomycin resistance (<i>van</i>) genotypes characterization.?<b> </b><i><b>Results:</b></i><i> </i>All tested enterococci were confirmed to the species level, <i>van</i> genes were detected, and the MIC values determined vancomycin.<i> </i>Overall, Enterococcal species were isolated from 170/588 (28.9%) of the study subjects. Among the ?Enterococcus isolates, 70 (41.2%) were isolated from hospitalized patients, and 100 (58.8%) were isolated from non-hospitalized patients. The isolates were <i>E. faecium</i> 108 (63.5%), followed by <i>E. faecalis</i> 43 (25.3%) ?and 19 (11.2%) other <i>Enterococcus</i> spp. Enterococcus isolates show overall high resistance to ceftazidime (80.0%), ?followed by amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (70%), gentamycin (69.4%), and erythromycin (52.4%). A higher ?prevalence of resistance to ampicillin, rifampin, and teicoplanin was detected in <i>E. faecium</i> than that in <i>E. faecalis</i> and ?other <i>Enterococcus</i> spp., while a greater prevalence of resistance to ceftazidime, and ciprofloxacin was ?found in <i>E. faecalis</i>. ?Twenty-five (14.7%) strains of fecal Enterococci were found to be vancomycin resistant with <i>van</i>A 19 (11.2%), <i>van</i>B 5 ??(2.9%), and 1 (0.6%) <i>van</i>C1 genotypes. The most predominant van producer strains were <i>E. faecium </i>[18, 16.7%; <i>van</i>A (n= ??17) &amp; <i>van</i>B (n= 1)] followed by <i>E. faecalis</i> [6, 14.0%; <i>van</i>A (n= 2), and <i>van</i>B (n= 4)] and Other <i>Enterococcus </i>spp. [1, 5.3%; ?<i>van</i>C1 (n= 1)].?<b> </b><i><b>Conclusion:</b></i> The present study provides the first comprehensive report ?of the ?antimicrobial ?resistance pattern ? and shows Khartoum localities are repositories for the vancomycin resistance ?Enterococcus with <i>van</i>A, <i>van</i>B, and <i>van</i>C1 genotypes in human feces of both hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients. ?It is imperative to track and implement infection control measures in both settings to prevent the spread of these strains.?},
doi={10.12691/ajidm-10-4-1}
publisher={Science and Education Publishing}
}