@article{ajeid2020821,
author={{NGANDO, Laure and NGUIMBUS, Leopold MBOUS and KILLA, Claris and NKOA, Th¨¦r¨¨se},
title={Profile of Protozoa Isolated from Stool Samples in Yaounde, Cameroon},
journal={American Journal of Epidemiology and Infectious Disease},
volume={8},
number={2},
pages={48--55},
year={2020},
url={http://pubs.sciepub.com/ajeid/8/2/1},
issn={2333-1275},
abstract={<b>Background:</b> Intestinal parasitic infestations are among the most common communicable diseases in the world with a higher prevalence in developing countries. They are caused by protozoa which have long been associated with foodborne and waterborne disease outbreaks. The aim of our study was to present the profile of protozoa isolated from stool samples in Yaounde from 2010-2020 and to analyse the association of intestinal parasitic diseases with age and gender during the same period. <b>Methods:</b> This retrospective and observational study was carried out from January 04, 2010 to January 10, 2020 in Yaounde, capital of the Center region, at Centre Pasteur of Cameroon. After collecting the stool samples, the intestinal protozoa were identified using the Bailenger concentration technique and staining with Kop-Color II. Microscopic observation between slide and coverglass was focused on trophozoites and cysts of protozoa. <b>Results:</b> A total of 106.846 stool samples were analyzed during the study period and the overall infestation rate of intestinal protozoa was 8.4% (8958 samples positive for the presence of a protozoan). Women were the most represented with 5697 samples (9.0%) compared to 3052 (7.5%) samples for men. This difference in gender distribution was significant (p&lt;0.0001). The participants were between 1¨C105 years (mean¡ÀSD = 42.6¡À19.4) of age. The age distribution of the patients showed that the age group with the highest prevalence of infestation (9.4%) ranged from 21¨C40 years with a significant difference in distribution (p&lt;0.001) from one age group to another. A significant decrease of stool samples was also observed depending on the years of the study (p&lt;0.0001). The distribution of identified protozoa was: 3.3% for <i>Entamoeba hartmanni</i>, 1.9% for <i>Entamoeba coli</i>, 1.8% for <i>Entamoeba histolytica histolytica</i>, 0.4% for <i>Trichomonas intestinalis</i>, 0.4% for <i>Entamoeba histolytica minuta</i>, 0.3% for <i>Gardia duodenalis</i>, 0.2% for <i>Chilomatix mesnilii</i>, 0.1% for <i>Endolimax</i> <i>nana</i>, 0.04% for <i>Isospora belli</i>, 0.02% for <i>Balantidium coli</i>, 0.006% for <i>Cyclospora cayetanensis</i> and 0.003% for <i>Pseudolimax butschlii</i>. A statistically significant association of age groups (p&lt;0.0001) and sex (p&lt;0.0001) with the identified protozoa was obtained in our study with a higher risk of infestation in women and those of the 21¨C40 years age group were the most vulnerable. <b>Conclusion:</b> The overall infestation rate of intestinal protozoa is high in Yaounde with highest contamination being amongst women and people 32 years of age. Moreover, despite the significant decrease of infestations over the years, measures must still be taken to prevent diseases caused by intestinal protozoa in the Cameroonian context.},
doi={10.12691/ajeid-8-2-1}
publisher={Science and Education Publishing}
}